Rapid and Efficient Production of Coronary Artery Ligation and Myocardial Infarction in Mice Using Surgical Clips

Abstract

AimsThe coronary artery ligation model in rodents mimics human myocardial infarction (MI). Normally mechanical ventilation and prolonged anesthesia period are needed. Recently, a method has been developed to create MI by popping-out the heart (without ventilation) followed by immediate suture ligation. Mortality is high due to the time-consuming suture ligation process while the heart is exposed. We sought to improve this method and reduce mortality by rapid coronary ligation using a surgical clip instead of a suture.Methods and ResultsMice were randomized into 3 groups: clip MI (CMI), suture MI (SMI), or sham (SHAM). In all groups, heart was manually exposed without intubation through a small incision on the chest wall. Unlike the conventional SMI method, mice in the CMI group received a metal clip on left anterior descending artery (LAD), quickly dispensed by an AutoSuture Surgiclip™. The CMI method took only 1/3 of ligation time of the standard SMI method and improved post-MI survival rate. TTC staining and Masson’s trichrome staining revealed a similar degree of infarct size in the SMI and CMI groups. Echocardiograph confirmed that both SMI and CMI groups had a similar reduction of ejection fraction and fraction shortening over the time. Histological analysis showed that the numbers of CD68+ macrophages and apoptotic cells (TUNEL-positive) are indistinguishable between the two groups.ConclusionThis new method, taking only less than 3 minutes to complete, represents an efficient myocardial infarction model in rodents.

Therapeutic microparticles functionalized with biomimetic cardiac stem cell membranes and secretome

“…The method to induce myocardial infarction in mice was based on previous studies30. Briefly, male SCID Beige mice were anaesthetized with 3% isofluorane combined with 2% oxygen inhalation.…”

“…All animal work was compliant with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at North Carolina State University. The method to induce myocardial infarction in mice was based on previous studies 30 . Briefly, male SCID Beige mice were anaesthetized with 3% isofluorane combined with 2% oxygen inhalation.…”

A Regenerative Cardiac Patch Formed by Spray Painting of Biomaterials onto the Heart

“…10 In brief, male CD1 mice were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane combined with oxygen inhalation. Under sterile conditions, the heart was exposed by a minimally invasive left thoracotomy, and acute MI was produced by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery with metal clip dispensed by AutoSuture Surgiclip (Autosuture).…”

Animal models of cardiac cachexia

“…Also the bone density is reduced in CHF patients with lower calcium and vitamin D levels [3]. Skeletal muscle wasting has also been associated with high free-radical production [48] and to reduced regeneration capacity of the impaired skeletal muscle [25].…”

“…Very recently LAD-MI performed with clips has been demonstrated to robustly reduce mortality [48]. The high mortality is due to the chest trauma for the large incision and to mechanical ventilation and the success of LAD depends very much on the operator [49].…”