RAPD Variations in Selected and Unselected Blue Grama Populations

Abstract

used for reclamation and ground cover (Hitchcock, 1950). These adaptive features have stimulated some interest Blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis H.B.K. Lag. ex Steud.) is one of in utilization and cultivar development of this species the most widespread native grasses in western North America. Little (Smith and Phan, 1999). Two blue grama populations, is known about the genetic diversity of this species and the genetic one a balanced multi-site composite (BMSC) and the shift in selected populations. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the genetic variations of blue other a mass-selected composite (MSC), originated from grama plants in 11 natural source populations (SPs) in southern Mani-11 natural source populations (SPs) in southern Manitoba and two selected populations. Population 'BMSC' was a balanced toba (Phan, 2000). Populations BMSC and MSC were multisite composite of 99 clones selected for higher seed yield from selected for increased seed yield (Phan and Smith, 2000). the 11 SPs. Population 'MSC' was a mass-selected composite of 25 Studies that compare genetic diversity and shift beclones with higher seed yield from eight SPs. Twelve RAPD primers tween the selected and source populations are lacking. were used to assay 108 original propagules from the 11 SPs and 96 Genetic shifts attributed to selection have been reported seedlings from each selected population. A total of 69 polymorphic in morphological studies of oat (Avena sativa L.) (Rod-RAPD bands were detected. No unique RAPD bands were found gers et al., 1983), maize (Zea mays L.) (Coors and Marfor any SPs and 97.8% of the total RAPD variation was detected dones, 1989; Helms et al., 1989; Stojsin and Kannenberg, within SPs. Variation in RAPD markers was not associated with geographical distances. Highly significant changes in RAPD band 1994), and Pensacola bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum frequency from their SPs were detected in both selected populations, Flugge var. saurae Parodi) (Werner and Burton, 1991; but only MSC displayed the fixation of polymorphic bands. The esti- Pedreira and Brown, 1996). mated genetic shifts were small, 0.6% for BMSC and 1.9% for MSC.

Genetic Diversity of Northern Wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus) as Revealed by Genotyping-by-Sequencing

“…In addition, the finding of high within-accession genetic variation (91%; Table 2) implies that the seed collection from a single site may provide an adequate genetic diversity for creating an improved germplasm used for nearby site reclamation. This differs from the previous recommendation of using multi-site composite materials to maintain high levels of genetic diversity at new restoration sites [53].…”

Environmental variation shapes genetic variation in Bouteloua gracilis: Implications for restoration management of natural populations and cultivated varieties in the southwestern United States

“…Although the number of polymorphic loci is relatively low for the AFLP method, our results are consistent with other B. gracilis studies, including one resulting in 167 polymorphic loci and an average of 28 bands per primer combination(Fu, Ferdinandez, Phan, Coulman, & Richards, 2003) and one RAPD study that resulted in 69 polymorphic loci with an average of only six bands per primer combination(Phan, Fu, & Smith, 2004). All cultivar varieties strongly cluster with natural populations 1B, 1C, 3B, and 9B.…”

“…As -Santacruz et al, 2004;Phan et al, 2004). While these studies demonstrated higher variation among individuals within populations (88% and 98%, respectively), both studies covered relatively small sample areas, and used different primer combinations, which may account for the higher within-population variation observed in these studies.…”

“…While ecotype cultivar development of B. gracilis has proven difficult in some regions (Carr & Rea, 2013), multisourced ecotype development of the species has been shown to be successful as reported in studies conducted by Fu et al (2003) and Phan et al (2004). Ecotypes that were generated with a greater number of individuals (99 vs. 25) and included more source populations (11 vs. 8) had significantly higher genetic diversity (Phan et al, 2004).…”

Genetic Diversity of Some Tomato Cultivars and Breeding Lines Commonly Used in Pakistani Breeding Program

“…The mean band frequency for each population ranged from 0.12 to 0.74 with an average of 0.43 (Table 2). The mean band frequency was higher as compared with Phan et al, (2003).…”