RAPD PCR Profile, Antibiotic Resistance, Prevalence of armA Gene, and Detection of KPC Enzyme in Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitals shows the limitation of recent antibiotics used for bacterial eradication. In this study, 81 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from three hospitals in Tehran. Antibiotic susceptibility test showed the highest rates of resistance to cefotaxim (85.5%) and ceftazidime (78.3%), and the lowest rates of resistance were detected for colistin (16.9%), streptomycin (16.8%), and chloroamphenicol (21.7%). Eleven different resistance patterns were observed. Sixty-six out of 81 isolates (81.5%) were found to be multidrug resistant (MDR), and 35.8% of them belonged to A3 resistance pattern. 7.4% and 66.7% were KPC enzyme and armA gene positive, respectively. RAPD PCR assay of these bacteria showed 5 clusters, 16 single types, and 14 common types, and there was not any correlation between genetic patterns of the isolates and presence of resistance agents. Simultaneous detection of resistance-creating agents could be an important challenge for combination therapy of MDR K. pneumoniae-caused infections.

Genotyping and Virulence Analysis of Drug Resistant Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Egypt

“…Moderate incidence of resistance (54%, 46%, and 40%) was exhibited for amikacin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, respectively, in this study. Such incidence is similar to previous reports 19,20 . Alternatively, 28% of our isolates were resistant to gentamycin; however, a higher percentage was reported by Farivar et al 19 .…”

“…Such incidence is similar to previous reports 19,20 . Alternatively, 28% of our isolates were resistant to gentamycin; however, a higher percentage was reported by Farivar et al 19 . Finally, all isolates in this study were sensitive to colistin; in contrast, Farivar et al 19 reported a lower percentage (83%).…”

“…Forty-seven (94%) of our 50 K. pneumoniae isolates were MDR. In contrast, lower percentages (54%, 38%, 81.5%, and 90%) of MDR were reported in other studies [17][18][19] . The high percentage of MDR in our isolates may be due to overuse of antibiotics in Egypt and the incidence of class 1 integrons in 98% of our isolates.…”

“…High resistance percentages ranging from 92% to 100% were exhibited for penicillins and cephalosporins, including ampicillin, ceforuxime, amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cefepime, and lower percentages were reported in other studies 17,19,20 . High level of resistance was also displayed in this study to imipenem, co-trimoxazole, aztreonam, and ciprofloxacin; however, lower percentages were reported by other studies 17,19,20 . Moderate incidence of resistance (54%, 46%, and 40%) was exhibited for amikacin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, respectively, in this study.…”

Characterization and Plasmid Profile of Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

“…Antibiotic resistance patterns exhibited by the Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates showed that 32 patterns were found with Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem and Tetracycline being the most encountered. This finding agrees with the study of Arezoo et al (2018) who reported several resistance patterns. The different antibiotic resistance patterns observed is an indication of a widespread unregulated use of these antimicrobials coupled with factors such as sexual activity, age, sex, poor immunity, personal hygiene, history of recurrent UTI's, and social behaviour.…”