RAPD and ISSR marker assessment of genetic diversity in Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad: a unique source of germplasm highly adapted to drought and high-temperature stress

Abstract

(L.) Schrad. (Cucurbitaceae) shows high levels of variation in fruit color, fruit stripe pattern, seed coat color, and size. Thirty-eight accessions of plants from different parts of semi-arid Rajasthan were collected and genetic diversity was assessed using random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Out of 65 RAPD decamer primers, 50 primers produced 549 scorable bands of which 318 were polymorphic. Polymorphic banding patterns with the number of amplified fragments varied from 5 (OPA-08 and OPF-9) to 19 (OPT-20) in the molecular size range of 150-6000 bp. Percent polymorphism ranged from 22.2% (OPA-09) to 83.3% (OPE-12) with 55.14% polymorphism. Out of the 20 ISSR primers screened, 13 primers produced 166 amplification products, of which 99 were polymorphic. The number of bands amplified per primer varied between 9 (UBC-807, 802) and 16 (UBC-803, 812) with average band size between 250 and 4000 bp. Percent polymorphism ranged from 45.4% (UBC-815) to 73.3% (UBC-814) with 65.05% polymorphism. Dendrogram constructed on the basis of RAPD + ISSR polymorphism separated the accessions into four distinct clusters at 72% variation with Jaccard's similarity coefficient ranging from minimum 0.64 to 0.95. The matrices for RAPD and ISSR were also compared using Mantel's test and obtained correlation value ( = 0.7947). Discriminating power of RAPD and ISSR markers was assessed by calculating polymorphic information content, multiplex ratio, marker index, and resolving power. Approx. 50% RAPD and ISSR markers showed PIC value and heterozygosity () ≥ 0.50, indicating marker as informative. The primers that showed higher polymorphism had higher RP, MR, and MI values.

Assessment of Genetic Variation in Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) Accessions from International Gene Pools Using RAPD Markers: Comparison with the ISSR System

“…Most often ISSR detects more polymorphisms than RAPD primers because of the high levels of variability in microsatellite loci. The discrepancy between variations revealed by RAPD and ISSR result from different targeted genomic areas, which undergo a different evolutionary process due to selection forces [12] [31] [38]. Different genetic information is generated when RAPD and ISSR molecular marker techniques are used to assess the inter-specific and intra-specific variability.…”

Phylogenetic relationships of some Egyptian soybean cultivars (Glycine max L.) using SCoT marker and protein pattern

“…After the advent of PCR, the improvement of different molecular markers such as amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs), simple sequence repeats (SSR), and several new concepts were used. Different markers were used for the determination of the relationships between plant species by many researchers in tomato cultivars (Nawaz et al, 2015), Poaceae plants (Haq et al, 2016), and Citrullus colocynthis (Verma et al, 2017).…”

Climate Change and Fading Genetic Resources of <em>Parkia biglobosa</em> (Jacq.) in Nigeria Based on SSR Markers

“…In the last decade, there had been an enormous increase in the use of molecular marker techniques to measure genetic variation in forest trees and legumes. The degree of genetic variation available in germplasm collections of species is directly linked to the success of any breeding/genetic conservation programmes [30,31]. So far, there are very few marker-based studies at hand assessing genetic diversity of Parkia biglobosa though phylogeography divergence among populations in West and Central Africa was recently reported using SSR markers [5,32].These SSR markers were specifically developed for Parkia biglobosa to study population structure and reproduction biology of the species [26].To our knowledge, this study is probably the first to assess genetic diversity of P.…”