“…Thus, local and systemic administration of rapamycin in rodent osteoarthritic models decreases chondral lesions (Liu et al, 2020;Matsuzaki et al, 2014;Takayama et al, 2014;Xu et al, 2019). However, rapamycin's numerous biological side effects cause undesirable systemic and paradoxical off-target articular adverse consequences, like reducing bone thickness, when administered systemically (Minton et al, 2021). It induces lipid and carbohydrate dysmetabolism and hematological disorders (anemia, thrombocytopenia), which may increase morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from systemic diseases more severe than osteoarthritic related pain (Nguyen et al, 2019).…”