RANTES, MIP-1α and MIP-1β are not involved in the inhibition of HIV-1SF33 replication mediated by CD8+ T-cell clones

Anti-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) Soluble Factor(s) Produced from Antigen-Stimulated Feline CD8+T Lymphocytes Suppresses FIV Replication

“…The chemokines RANTES, MIP-1␣, MIP-1␤, MDC, and SDF-1␣ have been shown to inhibit HIV replication (6,13,33), and IL-16 has been shown to suppress the replication of HIV and SIV (2). CAF, a CD8 ϩ T-lymphocyte product that differs from IL-16 and the described chemokines, may be closely related to the feline CD8 ϩ T-lymphocyte factor (24,29,30,34). It was suggested that several antiviral factors, each with distinct activity, could be involved in the suppression of virus replication (38,39).…”

Beta-chemokine production in macaques vaccinated with live attenuated virus correlates with protection against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm) challenge.

“…We showed an association between high levels of RANTES, MIP-1α and MIP-1β and percentage suppression of SIV infection, suggesting that the β-chemokines were the major suppressive factors. However, by neutralizing the β-chemokines with antibodies others have demonstrated that the HIV-suppressive effects of soluble factors produced by activated CD8 + cells cannot be explained solely by the β-chemokines (Kinter et al, 1996 ;Paliard et al, 1996 ;Rubbert et al, 1997). Several studies have shown that CD8 + suppressor factors (Blackbourn et al, 1997 ;Ennen et al, 1994 ;Kannagi et al, 1988 ;Landay et al, 1993 ;Levy et al, 1996 ;Mackewicz et al, 1994 ;Walker et al, 1991) as well as β-chemokines (Cocchi et al, 1995 ;Kinter et al, 1996 ;Mackewicz et al, 1997 ;Pal et al, 1997) can control virus replication in vitro.…”

CD8+T cell-mediated enhancement of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production and HIV-1 LTR-driven gene expression in human monocytic cells is pertussis toxin-sensitive

“…Further, we have shown that in both monocytic cells [22] and T cells [23] the modulation of LTRmediated gene expression was not induced by the b-chemokines RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1a (MIP-1a) or MIP-1b or by a combination of these chemokines. It was recently reported that the chemokines individually or in combination did not suppress replication of HIV-1 SF33 in CD4 þ T cells [24]. In addition, the activity of CAF has been shown to be distinct from the b-chemokines and known cytokines [25].…”