Ranking the effects of site exposure, plant growth form, water depth, and transparency on aquatic plant biomass

Hudon, Christiane; Lalonde, Sophie; Gagnon, Pierre

doi:10.1139/f99-232

Cited by 89 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Aquatic plants grown in slow flows and/ or shallow water generally possess less flexible, but stronger stems than those inhabiting fast running water or deep waters (Brewer & Parker, 1990;Usherwood et al, 1997;Bociag et al, 2009;Miler et al, 2010Miler et al, , 2012. Additionally, the canopy-forming species generally have much higher growth rate than species with other growth forms in lakes with low-light availability (Keddy, 1983;Chambers & Prepas, 1988;Hudon et al, 2000). Therefore, these results can finally suggest that C. demersum was the most adaptive species to both deep water and rapid floods.…”

Section: Mechanical Resistance Response To Water Depth and Flood Intementioning

confidence: 92%

“…Light availability significantly affects the maximum biomass and colonization depth of SAV (Keddy, 1983;Chambers & Prepas, 1988), as well as the mechanical resistance of terrestrial plants . Hydraulic forces from waves and winds can significantly affect the mechanical resistance of SAV, resulting in mechanical damages (e.g., stem breakage, uprooting, or other damages) (Koehl, 1984;Schutten et al, 2005), which ultimately have adverse effects on plant growth (Idestam-Almquist & Kautsky, 1995;Hudon et al, 2000). Stem mechanical properties and root anchorage strength are the essential traits of mechanical resistance for the reduction of these mechanical damages in aquatic habitats (Handley & Davy, 2002;Schutten et al, 2005;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of submerged macrophytes to both water depth and flood intensity as revealed by their mechanical resistance

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2012

Hydrobiologia

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Little is known about the mechanical resistance response of submerged macrophytes to floods. An experiment was conducted to investigate the plant growth, root anchorage strength, and stem tensile properties of five submerged macrophytes under three initial water levels (1.0, 2.5, and 4.0 m) with four water level fluctuation speeds (0, 5, 15, and 25 cm d -1 ). Our results demonstrate that the biomass, relative growth rate, root anchorage strength, and stem tensile properties of the five species decreased with increasing initial water level, suggesting that deep water can inhibit plant growth and decrease their mechanical resistance. Floods weakened the stem tensile properties and strengthened the root performances of Myriophyllum spicatum, Hydrilla verticillata, and Potamogeton malaianus in shallow water. However, floods induced opposite mechanical resistance responses from plants in deep water, indicating a possible trade-off between stem breakage and uprooting under flooding conditions. M. spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, and P. malaianus were more tolerant of deep water and flood intensity than Potamogeton maackianus and H. verticillata, as indicated by their larger biomass, plant heights, stem tensile properties, and root anchorage strength. This is the first article that mechanically explains the competitive capability and survival potential of submerged macrophytes to water depth and flood intensity. Handling editor: Koen MartensElectronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Mechanical Resistance Response To Water Depth and Flood Intementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of submerged macrophytes to both water depth and flood intensity as revealed by their mechanical resistance

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2012

Hydrobiologia

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“…This estimation was deemed conservative since both the biomass (Lévesque et al 2017) and maximum depth of colonization (i.e. water transparency, see Hudon et al 2000) of submerged aquatic vegetation are lower in Lake Saint-Pierre than for fluvial lakes located upstream.…”

Section: Contribution Of Primary Producers To Carbon Fixation and Nutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological and biological processes modulate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus flux from the St. Lawrence River to its estuary (Quebec, Canada)

et al. 2017

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Increased flux of carbon and nutrients from human activities in river basins were linked to acidification and deepwater hypoxia in estuaries and coastal areas worldwide. Annual loads (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) of suspended particulate matter (SPM), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were assessed at the Lake Ontario inlet of the St. Lawrence River (SLR) (7110 m 3 s -1 ) and its estuarine outlet at Québec City (12,090 m 3 s -1 ). Internal loads from the Ottawa River (1950 m 3 s -1 ), seventeen other tributaries, urban wastewaters, atmospheric deposition and erosion were also estimated. Erosion (65% of SPM, 29% of TP), inflow from Lake Ontario (42% of DOC, 47% of TN) and Ottawa River (28% of DOC) contributed important flux to the estuary. Loads from other tributaries (20 and 27% of TN and TP at Quebec City) largely exceeded municipal sources (6% of exported TN and TP) and require future remediation. Aquatic plants fixed 277,000 t of C, 49,000 t of N and 7000 t of P (May-Sept.), delaying the nutrient flux to the estuary and turning the SLR into a nutrient sink over summers of lowest discharge. Degradation of exported organic C could consume 5.4-7.1 million t O 2 year -1 in the estuary whereas SLR flux of N and P represent 31-47% and 7-14% of total annual estuarine flux, respectively. Carbon and Nitrogen flux from freshwaters partly explain the decline in pH and oxygen concentrations in deep estuarine waters thus highlighting the need to reduce diffuse sources of nutrients in the entire watershed.

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“…Hudon et al (2000) found the biomass and distribution of submerged macrophytes to be influenced by site exposure and differences in species distribution attributable to growth form. Sand-Jensen (1989) held decrease in water depth responsible for increase in the wave-induced turbulent forces on the bottom.…”

Section: Exposure To Wind and Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the distribution patterns of aquatic macrophytes

Pandit

Ganai

2014

Limnological Review

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Aquatic macrophytes constitute important components of many freshwater ecosystems. The manifold role of aquatic macrophytes in freshwater habitats is closely linked to their distribution, which in turn depends on a myriad of factors. Foremost, among these are light, water temperature, water quality changes and nutrient enrichment, sediment composition and fluctuations in water levels. Light and temperature are of paramount importance in determining the distribution (with depth, season and latitude), thereby influencing productivity and species composition as well. Sediment compositions markedly affect the growth rates of macrophytes which in turn have a profound influence on the distribution of aquatic macrophytes. Water quality changes and nutrient enrichment can cause considerable variations in the species richness, composition, and density of aquatic vegetation. The reduction in water levels could bring drastic changes in the species composition and distribution of macrophytes. Factors associated with competition, herbivory, land use and land cover changes etc. also play an important role in shaping macrophyte distribution and community structure. In this review we examine both biotic and abiotic factors that influence the structural attributes like species composition, distribution, abundance and diversity of aquatic macrophytes.

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Ranking the effects of site exposure, plant growth form, water depth, and transparency on aquatic plant biomass

Cited by 89 publications

References 17 publications

Adaptation of submerged macrophytes to both water depth and flood intensity as revealed by their mechanical resistance

Adaptation of submerged macrophytes to both water depth and flood intensity as revealed by their mechanical resistance

Hydrological and biological processes modulate carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus flux from the St. Lawrence River to its estuary (Quebec, Canada)

Factors affecting the distribution patterns of aquatic macrophytes

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