Ranking lifestyle risk factors for cervical cancer among Black women: A case-control study from Johannesburg, South Africa

Singini, Mwiza Gideon; Sitas, Freddy; Bradshaw, Debbie; Chen, Wenlong Carl; Motlhale, Melitah; Kamiza, Abram Bunya; Villiers, Chantal Babb de; Lewis, Cathryn M.; Mathew, Christopher G.; Waterboer, Tim; Newton, Robert; Muchengeti, Mazvita; Singh, Elvira

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260319

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(57 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is known that HPV infection and pathogenic microbiota are factors involved in the development of CIN I, therefore, in this work, we evaluated the efficacy of PDT to eliminate cervical infection by the pathogens C. trachomatis, C. albicans and HPV, as well as its effectiveness in inducing the regression of CIN I. Environmental factors related to the risk to develop CIN include the use of hormonal contraceptive consumption for five consecutive years or more, multiple sexual partners and active sexual life beginning at an early age (29). Despite not finding a significant difference a tendency to present a higher frequency of CIN I was observed in women who started their sexual life early.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental factors related to the risk to develop CIN include the use of hormonal contraceptive consumption for five consecutive years or more, multiple sexual partners and active sexual life beginning at an early age (29). Despite not finding a significant difference a tendency to present a higher frequency of CIN I was observed in women who started their sexual life early.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Elimination of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Pathological Microbiota with Photodynamic Therapy in Women from Mexico City with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia I

López-Cárdenas

Jiménez

Espinosa-Montesinos

et al. 2023

Photochem & Photobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cervical carcinoma (CC) is the second cause of cancer death in Mexican women. It starts with premalignant lesions known as Intraepithelial Cervical Neoplasia (CIN) that can develop due to infection by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and other microorganisms. Current CIN therapy involves invasive methods that affect cervix integrity and fertility; we propose the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a strategy with few side effects. In this work, the effectiveness of PDT for CIN I, HPV and pathogenic vaginal microbiota elimination in 29 women of Mexico City with CIN I, CIN I + HPV and HPV diagnosis was determined. After 6 months of PDT application, HPV infection was eliminated in 100% of the patients (P < 0.01), CIN I + HPV in 64.3% (P < 0.01) and CIN I in 57.2% (P > 0.05). PDT also eliminated pathogenic microorganisms: Chlamydia trachomatis in 81% of the women (P < 0.001) and Candida albicans in 80% (P < 0.05), without affecting normal microbiota since Lactobacillus iners was eliminated only in 5.8% of patients and the opportunistic Gardnerella vaginalis in 20%. These results show that PDT was highly effective in eradicating HPV and pathogenic microorganisms, suggesting that PDT is a promising therapy for cervical infections.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elimination of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Pathological Microbiota with Photodynamic Therapy in Women from Mexico City with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia I

López-Cárdenas

Jiménez

Espinosa-Montesinos

et al. 2023

Photochem & Photobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We further restricted ablative therapy to those with higher viral load on the most oncogenic HPV genotypes mostly likely selecting those most challenging to treat. Larger lesions, poorer immunity due to co-morbid infections such as tuberculosis, HIV, high levels of stress and poor-quality nutrition related to poverty and low socio-economic status are associated with increased risk of pre-cancerous lesions 24 . All the women recruited to our study were South African women living in the peri-urban settlement of Khayelitsha where women have a high rate of exposure to these modifiable risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-care testing with Xpert HPV for single-visit, screen-and-treat for cervical cancer prevention: a demonstration study in South Africa

Denny,

Saidu,

Boa

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screen-and-treat (SAT) is recommended but implementation presents operational challenges. We implemented HPV-SAT at a research site in Khayelitsha, South Africa, screening 3062 women aged 30–65 years (44% women living with HIV [WHIV]). All were screened using point-of-care Xpert HPV and almost all received their HPV results on the same day. HPV-positivity occurred in 41.5% of WHIV and 17.4% of women without HIV (WNoH) reducing to 26.2% in WHIV and 10.4% in WNoH applying treatment eligibility criteria based on high viral load in the channels detecting HPV16, 18, 45, 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 52, 58. Among those eligible for treatment, 91.3% were considered suitable for ablative therapy, and 94.6% underwent thermal ablation on the same day, with no serious adverse events. Twelve months later, 39.0% of WHIV and 65.2% of WNoH treated with ablative therapy were clear of HPV. In women who were HPV-positive but ineligible for treatment, 19.1% and 12.9% had histologically-confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) at 12 months. SAT programs need to weigh trade-offs between overtreatment versus delayed or no treatment for women who test positive for HPV. Treatment modalities for precancerous lesions need to be improved.

show abstract

“…HPV prevalence is highest among HIV seropositive women, 75% [ 25 ], and lowest, 32.3% [ 12 ], in women with rural residence. At a 95% confidence and 80% power, if the true odds ratios in the highest- and lowest-at-risk populations for cervical cancer were assumed to be 2.83 and 1.6 [ 26 ], respectively, a sample size of 140 is required to study the risk of cervical cancer in the exposed relative to the unexposed populations. The ratio of controls to cases was 1:1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women with and without cervical cancer: Implication for vaccination and screening in Ghana

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Determining the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes burden in women with and without cervical cancer afford a direct comparison of their relative distributions. This quest is fundamental to implementing a future population-based cervical cancer prevention strategy in Ghana. We estimated the cervical cancer risk by HPV genotypes, and the HPV vaccine-preventable proportion of cervical cancer diagnosed in Ghana. Materials and methods An unmatched case-control study was conducted at the two largest cervical cancer treatment centres in Ghana from 1st October 2014 to 31st May 2015. Cases were women diagnosed with cervical cancer and controls were women without cervical cancer who were seeking care at the two hospitals. Nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NM-PCR) was used to detect HPV infection in cervical samples. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between the risk of cervical cancer and identified HPV infection. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) data were analysed for 177 women with cervical cancer (cases) and 201 without cancer (controls). Cervical cancer was diagnosed at older ages compared to the age at which controls were recruited (median ages, 57 years vs 34 years; p < 0.001). Most women with cervical cancer were more likely to be single with no formal education, unemployed and less likely to live in metropolitan areas compared to women without cervical cancer (all p-value <0.001). HPV DNA was detected in more women with cervical cancer compared to those without cervical cancer (84.8% vs 45.8%). HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18, 45, 35 and 52 were the most common among women with cervical cancer, while 66, 52, 35, 43 and 31 were frequently detected in those without cancer. HPV 66 and 35 were the most dominant non-vaccine genotypes; HPV 66 was more prevalent among women with cervical cancer and HPV 35 in those without cervical cancer. Cervical cancer risk was associated with a positive HPV test (Adjusted OR (AOR): 5.78; 95% CI: 2.92–11.42), infection with any of the HR-HPV genotypes (AOR: 5.56; 95% CI: 3.27–13.16) or multiple HPV infections (AOR: 9.57 95% CI 4.06–22.56). Conclusion Women with cervical cancer in Ghana have HPV infection with multiple genotypes, including some non-vaccine genotypes, with an estimated cervical cancer risk of about six- to ten-fold in the presence of a positive HPV test. HPV DNA tests and multivalent vaccine targeted at HPV 16, 18, 45 and 35 genotypes will be essential in Ghana’s cervical cancer control programme. Large population-based studies are required in countries where cervical cancer is most prevalent to determine non-vaccine HPV genotypes which should be considered for the next-generation HPV vaccines.

show abstract

Ranking lifestyle risk factors for cervical cancer among Black women: A case-control study from Johannesburg, South Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Elimination of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Pathological Microbiota with Photodynamic Therapy in Women from Mexico City with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia I

Elimination of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Pathological Microbiota with Photodynamic Therapy in Women from Mexico City with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia I

Point-of-care testing with Xpert HPV for single-visit, screen-and-treat for cervical cancer prevention: a demonstration study in South Africa

Human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women with and without cervical cancer: Implication for vaccination and screening in Ghana

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About