Range verification system using positron emitting beams for heavy-ion radiotherapy

Iseki, Y.; Kanai, T.; Kanazawa, M.; Kitagawa, A.; Mizuno, Hideyuki; Tomitani, Takehiro; Suda, M.; Urakabe, E.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/49/14/012

Cited by 77 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…More recently, by the study of biological washout processes of ion-beam-induced positron emitters, half-lives of various washout components could be measured in animals [10,11] and in patients [12,17]. Furthermore, dose and treatment beam verification during as well as immediately after treatment with ion-beams [18,19] and protons [17,20,21] in patients and for high-energy photons in the animal tissue [5] have been reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic PET/CT measurements of induced positron activity in a prostate cancer patient after 50-MV photon radiation therapy

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe purpose of this work was to reveal the research interest value of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in visualizing the induced tissue activity post high-energy photon radiation treatment. More specifically, the focus was on the possibility of retrieving data such as tissue composition and physical half-lives from dynamic PET acquisitions, as positron-emitting radionuclides such as 15O, 11C, and 13N are produced in vivo during radiation treatment with high-energy photons (>15 MeV). The type, amount, and distribution of induced positron-emitting radionuclides depend on the irradiated tissue cross section, the photon spectrum, and the possible perfusion-driven washout.MethodsA 62-year-old man diagnosed with prostate cancer was referred for palliative radiation treatment of the pelvis minor. A total dose of 8 Gy was given using high-energy photon beams (50 MV) with a racetrack microtron, and 7 min after the end of irradiation, the patient was positioned in a PET/computed tomography (CT) camera, and a list-mode acquisition was performed for 30 min. Two volumes of interests (VOIs) were positioned on the dynamic PET/CT images, one in the urinary bladder and the other in the subcutaneous fat. Analysis of the measured relative count rate was performed in order to compute the tissue compositions and physical half-lives in the two regions.ResultsDynamic analysis from the two VOIs showed that the decay constants of activated oxygen and carbon could be deduced. Calculation of tissue composition from analyzing the VOI containing subcutaneous fat only moderately agreed with that of the tabulated International Commission on Radiation Units & Measurements (ICRU) data of the adipose tissue. However, the same analysis for the bladder showed a good agreement with that of the tabulated ICRU data.ConclusionsPET can be used in visualizing the induced activity post high-energy photon radiation treatment. Despite the very low count rate in this specific application, wherein 7 min after treatment was about 5% of that of a standard 18F-FDG PET scan, the distribution of activated tissue elements (15O and 11C) could be calculated from the dynamic PET data. One possible future application of this method could possibly be to measure and determine the tumor tissue composition in order to identify any hypoxic or necrotic region, which is information that can be used in the ongoing therapy planning process.Trial registrationThe official name of the trial committee of this study is ‘Regionala etikprövningsnämnden i Stockholm’ (FE 289, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden). The unique identifying number is 2011/1789-31/2.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic PET/CT measurements of induced positron activity in a prostate cancer patient after 50-MV photon radiation therapy

et al. 2013

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“…Radioactive beams can have several applications in the medical field. They can be both used as probing beams of low intensity and delivering a low dose for range verification prior treatment with stable ions (Chatterjee et al, 1981;Iseki et al, 2004) or for a complete radiation treatment in case of tumor close to organ at risk and critical dose localization (such as the pituary or small intraocular tumors or tumors abutting the spinal cord). Further applications of the radioactive beams have been proposed through the years.…”

Section: On the Use Of Positron Emitter Beams For Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross-sections and fragment yields in carbon beams using the SHIELD-HIT Monte Carlo code. Comparison with experiments

et al. 2012

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In light ion therapy, the knowledge of the spectra of both primary and secondary particles in the target volume is needed in order to accurately describe the treatment. The transport of ions in matter is complex and comprises both atomic and nuclear processes involving primary and secondary ions produced in the cascade of events. One of the critical issues in the simulation of ion transport is the modeling of inelastic nuclear reaction processes, in which projectile nuclei interact with target nuclei and give rise to nuclear fragments. In the Monte Carlo code SHIELD-HIT, inelastic nuclear reactions are described by the Many Stage Dynamical Model (MSDM), which includes models for the different stages of the interaction process. In this work, the capability of SHIELD-HIT to simulate the nuclear fragmentation of carbon ions in tissue-like materials was studied. The value of the parameter κ, which determines the so-called freeze-out volume in the Fermi break-up stage of the nuclear interaction process, was adjusted in order to achieve better agreement with experimental data. In this paper, results are shown both with the default value κ = 1 and the modified value κ = 10 which resulted in the best overall agreement. Comparisons with published experimental data were made in terms of total and partial charge-changing cross-sections generated by the MSDM, as well as integral and differential fragment yields simulated by SHIELD-HIT in intermediate and thick water targets irradiated with a beam of 400 MeV u(-1) (12)C ions. Better agreement with the experimental data was in general obtained with the modified parameter value (κ = 10), both on the level of partial charge-changing cross-sections and fragment yields.

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“…Apart from these very early studies, the possibility of proton therapy monitoring by means of PET was recently investigated Enghardt 2000, Parodi et al 2001). Integration of a PET scanner with light ion therapy was done in the treatment facility at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany (Enghardt et al 1992, Pawelke et al 1996 as well as at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator at Chiba (HIMAC), Japan (Iseki et al 2004). The possible application of PET imaging during photon therapy was investigated by Muller and Enghardt (2006) using Geant4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of dose delivery verification by PET imaging of photonuclear reactions following high energy photon therapy

et al. 2006

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A method for dose delivery monitoring after high energy photon therapy has been investigated based on positron emission tomography (PET). The technique is based on the activation of body tissues by high energy bremsstrahlung beams, preferably with energies well above 20 MeV, resulting primarily in 11 C and 15 O but also 13 N, all positron-emitting radionuclides produced by photoneutron reactions in the nuclei of 12 C, 16 O and 14 N. A PMMA phantom and animal tissue, a frozen hind leg of a pig, were irradiated to 10 Gy and the induced positron activity distributions were measured off-line in a PET camera a couple of minutes after irradiation. The accelerator used was a Racetrack Microtron at the Karolinska University Hospital using 50 MV scanned photon beams. From photonuclear cross-section data integrated over the 50 MV photon fluence spectrum the predicted PET signal was calculated and compared with experimental measurements. Since measured PET images change with time post irradiation, as a result of the different decay times of the radionuclides, the signals from activated 12 C, 16 O and 14 N within the irradiated volume could be separated from each other. Most information is obtained from the carbon and oxygen radionuclides which are the most abundant elements in soft tissue. The predicted and measured overall positron activities are almost equal (−3%) while the predicted activity originating from nitrogen is overestimated by almost a factor of two, possibly due to experimental noise. Based on the results obtained in this first feasibility study the great value of a combined radiotherapy-PET-CT unit is indicated in order to fully exploit the high activity signal from oxygen immediately after treatment and to avoid patient repositioning. With an RT-PET-CT unit a high signal could be collected even at a dose level of 2 Gy and the acquisition time for the PET could be reduced considerably. Real patient dose delivery verification by means of PET imaging seems to

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Range verification system using positron emitting beams for heavy-ion radiotherapy

Cited by 77 publications

References 19 publications

Dynamic PET/CT measurements of induced positron activity in a prostate cancer patient after 50-MV photon radiation therapy

Dynamic PET/CT measurements of induced positron activity in a prostate cancer patient after 50-MV photon radiation therapy

Evaluation of nuclear reaction cross-sections and fragment yields in carbon beams using the SHIELD-HIT Monte Carlo code. Comparison with experiments

Development of dose delivery verification by PET imaging of photonuclear reactions following high energy photon therapy

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