Randomized Trials of Vitamin E in the Treatment and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

This article represents the update of the European Stroke Initiative Recommendations for Stroke Management. These guidelines cover both ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, which are now considered to be a single entity. The article covers referral and emergency management, Stroke Unit service, diagnostics, primary and secondary prevention, general stroke treatment, specific treatment including acute management, management of complications, and rehabilitation.

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“…Vitamin E supplementation does not prevent vascular events [297]. Fat-soluble antioxidant supplements may increase mortality [298].…”

Section: Secondary Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008

Ringleb¹,

Bousser²,

Ford³

et al. 2008

Cerebrovasc Dis

2,099

567

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“…Epidemiologic evidence has linked the intake of vitamin E to reduced risk of CHD, but results from randomized clinical trials have been largely negative [29]. Several clinical trials have also ruled out that high-dose supplementation with beta-carotene or folic acid reduces risk of cardiovascular events.…”

Section: Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and lifestyle influences on risk of coronary heart disease

2009

Curr Atheroscler Rep

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) stems from the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. However, modifiable environmental factors, especially diet and lifestyle, are largely responsible for increased risk of CHD at population levels. Although cigarette smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity are well-established causes of CHD, the role of specific dietary factors has not been clearly defined until more recently. Cumulative evidence indicates that types of fats and carbohydrates are more important than total amounts in determining risk of CHD. Epidemiologic and clinical trial data strongly support that dietary patterns rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and nuts can reduce risk of CHD. Diet and lifestyle modification, combined with pharmacologic treatment of hypertension and high lipid levels (if necessary), could prevent the vast majority of CHD events.

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“…There is no published evidence of increased mortality in children using VE therapy. Furthermore, three other meta-analyses found no evidence that VE supplementation up to 800 IU/day significantly increased or decreased CVD mortality or allcause mortality [145][146][147].…”

Section: Evidence Of Vitamin E Safetymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Generally, vitamin E is well tolerated, and many studies have reported no increased mortality [145][146][147][148][149][150][151]. The Deprenyl and Tocopherol Antioxidative Therapy for Parkinson's Disease (DATATOP) study used mega-doses of VE (2,000 IU/day) and did not reveal increased mortality over 13 years of observation [148].…”

Section: Evidence Of Vitamin E Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E in renal therapeutic regimens

Thabet

Chan

2006

Pediatr Nephrol

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Administration of vitamin E in children with immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and type I diabetes demonstrated potential towards ameliorating progression. Oral vitamin E therapy reduced endothelial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney failure (CKF). Moreover, the use of vitamin E-bonded hemodialyzers reduced atherosclerotic changes, erythropoietin dosage and muscular cramps in patients on hemodialysis (HD). However, several controlled clinical trials failed to document beneficial effects on the study subjects' cardiovascular and renal outcomes. A recent report of increased all-cause mortality in adult patients receiving high dose vitamin E therapy has caused considerable concern and debate. These issues regarding the efficacy and safety of vitamin E in renal therapeutic regimens will be reviewed in this article.

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Randomized Trials of Vitamin E in the Treatment and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 197 publications

References 34 publications

Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008

Guidelines for Management of Ischaemic Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack 2008

Diet and lifestyle influences on risk of coronary heart disease

Vitamin E in renal therapeutic regimens

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