Randomized Evaluation on the Consumption of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

Abstract

According to the statistics, each year 400,000 Europeans develop infections with antibiotic-resistant bacterial strain, and 25,000 die due to the exhaustion of all therapeutic resources. These statistics are alarming, considering that medical services have become lately more and more accessible, but the "antibiotics era", namely the prescribing of these pharmacological agents on a large scale, generated the present situation. There is a category of patients who seek specialist medical services, yet many of them also make errors when it comes to the correct administration of the antibiotics prescribed. The emergence of antibiotic resistant strains occurred due to the of insufficient or excessive treatment schemes, insufficient doses or treatment duration. Physicians and pharmacists have an important role in limiting the occurrence and development of the antibiotics resistant strains. The objective of the present study was the comparative assessment of antibiotic's consumption in urban and rural areas, in a western region of Romania for both children and adults, the medicines being prescribed by physicians and monitored through community pharmacies. The study was conducted over 2 years and involved five types of active substances, namely amoxicillin, cefuroxime, clarithromycin, sulphametoxazole + trimethoprim and cefixime. RezumatConform unor statistici, 400.000 de europeni dezvoltă anual infecƫii cu bacterii rezistente la antibiotice, iar 25.000 decedează în urma epuizării tuturor resurselor terapeutice. Aceste statistici sunt îngrijorătoare cu atât mai mult cu cât în ultima perioadă serviciile medicale au devenit mai accesibile, dar utilizarea pe scară largă a acestor agenți farmacologici în "epoca antibioticelor" a generat această situație. Există o categorie de pacienți care apelează la serviciile medicale de specialitate, dar cu toate acestea apar deficiențe în ceea ce privește administrarea corectă a antibioticelor prescrise de către medic. Dezvoltarea tulpinilor rezistente la antibiotice s-a datorat aplicării unor scheme de tratament insuficiente sau excesive, doze sau durate de tratament nerespectate. Un rol important în limitarea apariției și dezvoltării acestor tulpini rezistente la antibiotice îl au medicii și farmaciștii, prin consiliere adecvată. Obiectivele prezentului studiu au fost compararea și evaluarea consumului de antibiotice în mediul rural și urban într-o regiune din vestul României, atât la copii cât și la populația adultă, antibioticele fiind prescrise de către medic și monitorizate prin farmacii comunitare. Studiul s-a desfășurat pe o perioadă de doi ani și a cuprins cinci substanțe active diferite: amoxicilină, cefuroximă, claritromicină, sulfametoxazol + trimetoptim și cefiximă.

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