Randomized Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Crossover Study of Short-Term Effect of Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Neuropathic Pain

Abstract

PENS therapy appears to be effective in providing short-term pain relief in chronic pain conditions. Studies, involving larger sample sizes and longer follow-up are recommended.

External Noninvasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Treatment of Neuropathic Pain: A Prospective Audit

“…The previous three controlled trials concerning PNS used comparable pulse width settings (16)(17)(18). Two of these studies used lowfrequency stimulation (15,16), while the third used alternating lowand high-frequency stimulation (17). For this audit, low-frequency stimulation was selected, as this frequency has been suggested to be associated with long-term depression of synaptic efficacy, cardiac pacemaker or spinal cord stimulator *Scale 0-10; 0, "no pain"; 10, "pain as bad as you can imagine. "…”

A randomised, patient-assessor blinded, sham-controlled trial of external non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury (EN-PENS trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

“…This method is in keeping with both the technique used in the previous study [19] and literature regarding implantable PNS [9, 29]. The independent physiotherapist will have no further direct patient contact during the trial.…”

Neuromodulation using percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the management of trigeminal‐mediated headshaking: A safe procedure resulting in medium‐term remission in five of seven horses

“…As used by Raphael et al . , a double‐blinded sham‐controlled crossover study of the efficacy of PENS neurostimulation would have much improved the merit of this study but was not practical at this early stage.…”

“…Treatments were repeated when pain returned, with the procedure being well tolerated. In another randomised, double‐blind, sham‐controlled crossover study of 31 patients with surface hyperalgesia, median numerical rating scale for neuropathic pain changed from 7.5/10 before treatment to 0.5/10 with a follow‐up time of one week .…”