Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating Effect of Television Advertising on Food Intake in Children: Why Such a Sensitive Topic is Lacking Top-Level Evidence?

Gregori, Darío; Ballali, Simonetta; Vecchio, Maria Gabriella; Sciré, Antonella Silvia; Foltran, Francesca; Berchialla, Paola

doi:10.1080/03670244.2014.883976

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in Gregori et al 25 (Table 2b) indicated that exposure to food advertisements compared with non-food advertisements increased calorie intake and snacks consumed. The effect appeared largest in obese children.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25 Multi-component interventions and reformulation also appear effective in promoting healthy diets. However, the effectiveness of the remaining policy interventions (labelling, restrictions on the provision or marketing of unhealthy food) generally demonstrated smaller effects and less certain long-term benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Banning advertising to children therefore appears to offer an effective intervention to decrease intake and potentially reduce obesity levels. 25, 26 Health promotion campaigns 31, 32, 33 and nutrition education 6, 28, 29, 30 showed small effect sizes and benefits may diminish over time. More studies are needed to determine long-term effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of policy actions to improve population dietary patterns and prevent diet-related non-communicable diseases: scoping review

et al. 2016

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Poor diet generates a bigger non-communicable disease (NCD) burden than tobacco, alcohol and physical inactivity combined. We reviewed the potential effectiveness of policy actions to improve healthy food consumption and thus prevent NCDs. This scoping review focused on systematic and non-systematic reviews and categorised data using a seven-part framework: price, promotion, provision, composition, labelling, supply chain, trade/investment and multi-component interventions. We screened 1805 candidate publications and included 58 systematic and non-systematic reviews. Multi-component and price interventions appeared consistently powerful in improving healthy eating. Reformulation to reduce industrial trans fat intake also seemed very effective. Evidence on food supply chain, trade and investment studies was limited and merits further research. Food labelling and restrictions on provision or marketing of unhealthy foods were generally less effective with uncertain sustainability. Increasingly strong evidence is highlighting potentially powerful policies to improve diet and thus prevent NCDs, notably multi-component interventions, taxes, subsidies, elimination and perhaps trade agreements. The implications for policy makers are becoming clearer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of policy actions to improve population dietary patterns and prevent diet-related non-communicable diseases: scoping review

et al. 2016

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“…There is convincing evidence that exposure to unhealthy food advertising influences children’s food intake. 111 112 Mandatory restrictions on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages are likely to be effective across socioeconomic groups. 113 114 However, we found no evaluations of the impact of food advertising restrictions on Indigenous Peoples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of food policy actions on Indigenous Peoples’ nutrition-related outcomes: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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IntroductionIndigenous Peoples worldwide endure unacceptable health disparities with undernutrition and food insecurity often coexisting with obesity and chronic diseases. Policy-level actions are required to eliminate malnutrition in all its forms. However, there has been no systematic synthesis of the evidence of effectiveness of food and nutrition policies for Indigenous Peoples around the world. This review fills that gap.MethodsEight databases were searched for peer-reviewed literature, published between 2000 and 2019. Relevant websites were searched for grey literature. Articles were included if they were original studies, published in English and included data from Indigenous Peoples from Western colonised countries, evaluated a food or nutrition policy (or intervention), and provided quantitative impact/outcome data. Study screening, data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken independently by two authors, at least one of whom was Indigenous. A narrative synthesis was undertaken with studies grouped according to the NOURISHING food policy framework.ResultsWe identified 78 studies from Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and the USA. Most studies evaluated targeted interventions, focused on rural or remote Indigenous communities. The most effective interventions combined educational strategies with policies targeting food price, composition and/or availability, particularly in retail and school environments. Interventions to reduce exposure to unhealthy food advertising was the only area of the NOURISHING framework not represented in the literature. Few studies examined the impact of universal food policies on Indigenous Peoples’ diets, health or well-being.ConclusionBoth targeted and universal policy action can be effective for Indigenous Peoples. Actions that modify the structures and systems governing food supply through improved availability, access and affordability of healthy foods should be prioritised. More high-quality evidence on the impact of universal food and nutrition policy actions for Indigenous Peoples is required, particularly in urban areas and in the area of food marketing.

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“…Regarding the size and representativeness of the sample, the sample size of this study is large compared to most of the similar experimental studies reviewed, as veri ed in 2006 by the WHO [12], which reviewed 20 experiments with much smaller sample sizes of 36 to 131 children. Also, the systematic review carried out by Gregori et al [42] shows the di culty of working with large sample sizes in these experiments; of the seven trials reviewed, the sample sizes were between 22 and 121 children.…”

Section: Previous Validations Of Similar Procedures For Pair Product mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Impact of Advertisement on Children Diet Choice in the Pediatric Population.

Ponce-Blandón

Romero‐Martín²,

Gómez‐Salgado

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability of the paired selection method for measuring the impact of food advertising on the consumption preferences of children. Methods: In this study, 52 children aged 4 to 6 years participated in watching an advertisement style video showing four foodstuffs with low nutritional value. Two pollsters were introduced at two instances showing pairs of pictures of the advertised foodstuffs right next to similar products, so that children could express their preferences. The test–retest reliability was measured through the concordance and interclass co-relation between both answers. Results: Kappa concordance indices of 0.71 (0.46–0.97), 0.88 (0.62–1.15), and 0.90 (0.64–1.16) were obtained for the three foodstuff pairs. The interclass correlation coefficient for the sum of manifested preferred scores was 0.72 (p = 0.0000). Conclusions: The paired selection method has been demonstrated to be efficient with good or very good reliability, making it useful for measuring the impact of food advertising on this age group. Keywords: food advertising; food habits; childhood obesity; television advertising; assessment.

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Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating Effect of Television Advertising on Food Intake in Children: Why Such a Sensitive Topic is Lacking Top-Level Evidence?

Cited by 10 publications

References 46 publications

The effects of policy actions to improve population dietary patterns and prevent diet-related non-communicable diseases: scoping review

The effects of policy actions to improve population dietary patterns and prevent diet-related non-communicable diseases: scoping review

Effects of food policy actions on Indigenous Peoples’ nutrition-related outcomes: a systematic review

Measuring the Impact of Advertisement on Children Diet Choice in the Pediatric Population.

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