Randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of simple distraction interventions on pain and anxiety experienced during conscious surgery

“…Numerous studies investigated the effects of distraction on anxiety when waiting for or undergoing medical treatment (e.g. Haddad, Saleh, & Eshah, 2018;Hudson, Ogden, & Whiteley, 2015). Results show heterogeneous and small but overall positive effects of interventions like aromatherapy or audiovisual presentations, and there is reasonable evidence that listening to music significantly reduces waiting-anxiety in adults (for an overview, see Biddiss, Knibbe, & McPherson, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distraction‐focused interventions on examination stress in nursing students: Effects on psychological stress and biomarker levels. A randomized controlled trial

Gebhart

Buchberger

Klotz

et al. 2019

Int J of Nursing Practice

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Background: Nursing students all over the world experience high levels of stress with negative impacts on their health, emotional state and performance.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of distraction-focused interventions on examination stress and anxiety in nursing students. Methods:A randomized controlled, parallel trial design was conducted from January to June 2016. After baseline measurement, 72 participants were randomized to one of the following groups (n = 18 each): (i) animal-assisted therapy; (ii) music therapy;(iii) mandala painting; (iv) control group. Outcomes of all groups in terms of stressreduction were compared by measuring self-reported perceived stress (STAI-State and visual analogue stress scale) and salivary biomarker levels (Cortisol and Immunoglobulin A).Results: Fifty-seven complete data sets (n = 12-16 for each group) were analysed. All distraction-focused interventions showed stress and anxiety reduction in everyday school situations. By contrast, on days with examinations, stress reductions did not reach statistical significance in regard to self-reported psychological stress. At the same time, interventions resulted in significantly decreased levels of stress biomarkers (P < .001).Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest positive but situation-dependent effects of distraction-focused interventions in academic settings. Further research should investigate the complex relationship between physiological and psychological stress parameters.

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“…Handholding has likewise been shown to be a very effective coping strategy in pain perception during procedures such as blood draws, shunt placements, and peripheral chemotherapy [15]. Stress balls have been shown to be effective in reducing pain during outpatient surgeries such as endovenous thermal ablation and phlebectomies of varicose veins [16]. Physical comfort can reduce patient anxiety and stress as well as pain during peripheral intravenous cannulation, which led us to infer that providing patients with a neck pillow might be useful for intravitreal injections [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Improving Patient Comfort During Intravitreal Injections: Results from a Survey-Based Study

et al. 2016

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IntroductionMany ocular diseases require intravitreal injections of pharmacological agents. Optimizing patients’ experiences during injections is important to ensure compliance and maintenance of quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify strategies to help alleviate discomfort during intravitreal injections.MethodsA cross-sectional study surveying 128 patients during clinic visits between 2014 and 2015 in two outpatient Retina Clinics (one academic and one private). Patients receiving an intravitreal injection(s) for any retinal disorder were given a questionnaire with 10-yes/no responses for various potential strategies. Responses were stratified by sex, age (<30 years, 30–60 years, and >60 years) and total number of prior injections (0–9 injections, 10–20 injections and >20 injections).ResultsA total of 128 patients were surveyed: 59 males, 41 females and 28 with no sex specified. Our results identified four favorable strategies as those receiving more than 50% “yes” votes. These included the presence of technician/staff during the procedure, the use of a neck pillow, a verbal warning before the injection and performing injections in both eyes on the same day. Other specific strategies were identified for females, younger patients and those with greatest experience. These included: females preferred having their hand held during injections (P = 0.001) and using a stress ball (P = 0.000) when compared to males. Stratifying by age, patients 30–60 years old preferred having their hand held (P = 0.008) and background music (P = 0.007). Stratifying by prior injections, patients with >20 prior injections preferred having their hand held (P = 0.001), using a stress ball (P = 0.021) and, if necessary, having bilateral injections performed the same day to improve comfort (P = 0.037).ConclusionsHaving an extra staff member present during the injection, having a neck pillow, having a verbal warning prior to injection and having both eyes injected on the same day were indicated as favorable strategies by over half of those surveyed. Further, specific strategies were identified for females, younger patients (30–60 years old) and those with greatest experience (>20 injections).

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Randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of simple distraction interventions on pain and anxiety experienced during conscious surgery

Abstract: The use of simple intraoperative distraction techniques, particularly interacting with nurses, using stress balls or watching a DVD during surgery conducted under local anaesthetic can significantly improve patients' experiences.

Cited by 79 publications

References 44 publications

The effect of music with and without binaural beat audio on operative anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of music with and without binaural beat audio on operative anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a randomized controlled trial

Distraction‐focused interventions on examination stress in nursing students: Effects on psychological stress and biomarker levels. A randomized controlled trial

Strategies for Improving Patient Comfort During Intravitreal Injections: Results from a Survey-Based Study

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