Randomized Controlled Trial of Mailed Personalized Feedback for Problem Drinkers in the Emergency Department: The Short‐Term Impact

Havard, Alys; Shakeshaft, Anthony; Conigrave, Katherine M.; Doran, Christopher M.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01632.x

Cited by 20 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…An ultra‐BI intervention was present in six studies with a face‐to‐face interaction of 10 min or less, three with a computer intervention, two with a mobile phone intervention and two that provided a pamphlet only . Eleven studies assessed change in quantity of alcohol consumed, and one study assessed change in frequency of alcohol use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review article: Effectiveness of ultra‐brief interventions in the emergency department to reduce alcohol consumption: A systematic review

McGinnes

Hutton

Weiland

et al. 2016

Emerg Medicine Australasia

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To assess the effectiveness of ultra-brief interventions (ultra-BI) or technology-involved preventive measures in the ED to reduce alcohol harm and risky drinking. Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EBM reviews were searched for articles published between 1996 and 2015. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised trials, which compared an ultra-BI with screening, standard care or minimal intervention for adults and adolescents at risk for alcohol-related harm presenting to an ED, were included. Outcomes of interest were frequency of alcohol consumption, quantity of alcohol consumed, binge drinking and ED representation. Thirteen studies (nine single centre and four multicentre) were included. Six studies showed a significant reduction in the quantity consumed with intermediate effect size at 3 months (d = -0.40) and small effect size at 12 months (d = -0.15). Two studies showed a significant reduction in binge drinking with small effect size at 3 months (d = -0.12) and 12 months (d = -0.09). No studies showed an effect on frequency of alcohol consumption or ED representation. Heterogeneity in study design, definition of risky, harmful or hazardous alcohol use, intervention types, outcomes, outcome timeframes and outcome measures prevented the performance of quantitative meta-analysis. Despite its limited effectiveness in reducing alcohol use in the short-term, with the large number of people attending EDs with risky drinking, the use of an effective ultra-BI would have the potential to have a measurable population effect.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 13 included studies, one was described as a pilot and five lacked sufficient power to show an effect because of small sample size or large loss to follow up, which ranged from 20% to 50% …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review article: Effectiveness of ultra‐brief interventions in the emergency department to reduce alcohol consumption: A systematic review

McGinnes

Hutton

Weiland

et al. 2016

Emerg Medicine Australasia

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“…Driving under the influence of alcohol or might be associated with alcohol dependence [41]. A review of studies on of interventions to reduce alcohol problems among ED- patients, found that interventions reduced alcohol related injuries [42]. Such interventions might be effective if they were offered to alcohol positive injured drivers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol, psychoactive substances and non-fatal road traffic accidents - a case-control study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundThe prevalence of alcohol and other psychoactive substances is high in biological specimens from injured drivers, while the prevalence of these psychoactive substances in samples from drivers in normal traffic is low. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of alcohol and psychoactive substances in drivers admitted to hospital for treatment of injuries after road traffic accidents with that in drivers in normal traffic, and calculate risk estimates for the substances, and combinations of substances found in both groups.MethodsInjured drivers were recruited in the hospital emergency department and drivers in normal conditions were taken from the hospital catchment area in roadside tests of moving traffic. Substances found in blood samples from injured drivers and oral fluid samples from drivers in moving traffic were compared using equivalent cut off concentrations, and risk estimates were calculated using logistic regression analyses.ResultsIn 21.9% of the injured drivers, substances were found: most commonly alcohol (11.5%) and stimulants eg. cocaine or amphetamines (9.4%). This compares to 3.2% of drivers in normal traffic where the most commonly found substances were z-hypnotics (0.9%) and benzodiazepines (0.8%). The greatest increase in risk of being injured was for alcohol combined with any other substance (OR: 231.9, 95% CI: 33.3- 1615.4, p < 0.001), for more than three psychoactive substances (OR: 38.9, 95% CI: 8.2- 185.0, p < 0.001) and for alcohol alone (OR: 36.1, 95% CI: 13.2- 98.6, p < 0.001). Single use of non-alcohol substances was not associated with increased accident risk.ConclusionThe prevalence of psychoactive substances was higher among injured drivers than drivers in normal moving traffic. The risk of accident is greatly increased among drivers who tested positive for alcohol, in particular, those who had also ingested one or more psychoactive substances. Various preventive measures should be considered to curb the prevalence of driving under the influence of psychoactive substances as these drivers constitute a significant risk for other road users as well as themselves.

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“…As with the pharmacist- and GP-based SBI, this screening used the AUDIT questionnaire to screen all patients who presented to a participating ED. Personalised feedback was subsequently mailed to participants by the research team, providing them with information about their level of drinking, relative to other people in their community, and with advice on low-risk levels of alcohol consumption [30].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Community Action in Reducing Risky Alcohol Consumption and Harm: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial

et al. 2014

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Randomized Controlled Trial of Mailed Personalized Feedback for Problem Drinkers in the Emergency Department: The Short‐Term Impact

Abstract: Mailed personalized feedback is efficacious in reducing quantity/frequency of alcohol consumption among patients with alcohol-involved ED presentations. Mailed feedback has high cost-efficacy and a low absolute cost, making it a promising candidate for integration into ED care.

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Review article: Effectiveness of ultra‐brief interventions in the emergency department to reduce alcohol consumption: A systematic review

Review article: Effectiveness of ultra‐brief interventions in the emergency department to reduce alcohol consumption: A systematic review

Alcohol, psychoactive substances and non-fatal road traffic accidents - a case-control study

The Effectiveness of Community Action in Reducing Risky Alcohol Consumption and Harm: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial

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