Randomized, Controlled Histologic and Histomorphometric Evaluation of Implants With Nanometer‐Scale Calcium Phosphate Added to the Dual Acid‐Etched Surface in the Human Posterior Maxilla

Abstract

After 2 months of healing, comparison of the BIC values showed a statistically significant greater mean BIC for test SEIs than for controls. The clinical implications of these results included shortening of the implant healing period and earlier loading protocols.

The role of well-defined nanotopography of titanium implants on osseointegration: cellular and molecular events in vivo

“…49 These plausible explanations may coexist and need further exploration in vivo. In fact, both interpretations are in agreement with in vivo findings that the nanotopography of the implant surface induces a favorable bone response [49][50][51] and promotes bone bonding. 6,7,27,48 Most of the current understanding of cell interactions with well-defined nanotopography has been derived from in vitro studies using polymeric materials and, to a lesser extent, titanium.…”

Clinical Evaluation of Anodized Surface Implants Submitted to a Counter Torque of 25 Ncm After 60 Days of Osseointegration: Study in Humans

“…It influences not only the quality and the quantity of bone formation but also the speed of both bone formation and implant binding [29]. The main factors that allow for faster osseointegration are the nano-topography of the surfaces and the chemical modification resulting from the incorporation of calcium and phosphate ions [3][4][5][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

“…To ensure fibrin retention, several texturization techniques may be utilized, such as etching, etching followed by acid texturing, acid texturing associated with fluorine deposition and anodization [7,11]. Further, anodization is another important factor for faster osseointegration because it incorporates Ca and P ions on the implant surface [3][4][5][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Nanostructured model implants for in vivo studies: influence of well-defined nanotopography on de novo bone formation on titanium implants

“…The mechanism responsible for the bonepromoting effect of these specific nanoscale features was not investigated in this study. Nevertheless, the described model, in combination with additional analytical tools of cell and molecular biology, provides an opportunity for this 33 Further, short-term, experimental, in vivo studies of laser-modified titanium implants with nanoscale surface topographic features have shown a significant increase in removal torque and different fracture mechanisms. 34 The fact that nanostructured surfaces promoted long-term bone bonding and interface strength in vivo, as determined by coalescence between mineralized bone and the nanostructured surface and a substantial increase in removal torque, is of clinical importance.…”

“…36 Acid-etched microtopography with irregular, discrete, 20-40 nm hydroxyapatite particles has also been reported to enhance the strength and direct bone bonding of osseointegration. 33 Another experiment with a hydrofluoric-acid-treated, sand-blasted titanium surface produced an approximately 100 nm structural modification of a titanium surface and this may be related to the enhanced osteoblastic differentiation occurring on the surface. 37 Nevertheless, in these latter experimental studies, the shape, size, chemistry and distribution of the nanostructure differ between the technologies.…”