Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: effects on growth and motor development

Adu‐Afarwuah, Seth; Lartey, Anna; Brown, Kenneth H.; Zlotkin, Stanley; Briend, André; Dewey, Kathryn G.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.2.412

Cited by 289 publications

(404 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In that study of 840 children, daily provision of 54 g LNS (containing the same amount of Fe as the LNS used in the present study, 6 mg) did not increase malaria or respiratory morbidity (13) . Similar findings have been reported in previous studies that used LNS (11,12) or MNP (3)(4)(5) . In our study, although we LNS, lipid-based nutrient supplement; IRR, incidence rate ratio; ARI, acute respiratory infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Safety studies have mainly been reported about MNP, although with conflicting results (3,4,6,10) . A few reports on LNS provision for prevention of child undernutrition suggest that it is safe (11)(12)(13) , but the evidence is not conclusive because those studies had either a relatively short duration (i.e. 6 months or less) or insufficient power because of small sample sizes (14) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Bendabenda

Alho

Cheung

et al. 2016

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Safety of home fortificants in children is uncertain in areas where infections are common. We tested the hypothesis that provision of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) containing Fe does not increase infectious morbidity in children. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Infants were randomised to receive 10, 20 or 40 g LNS/d; or no supplement until age 18 months. All LNS contained 6 mg Fe/d. Morbidity outcomes (serious adverse events, non-scheduled visits and guardian-reported morbidity episodes) were compared between control and intervention groups using a non-inferiority margin of 20 %. Setting: Namwera and Mangochi catchment areas in rural Malawi. Subjects: Infants aged 6 months (n 1932). Results: The enrolled 1932 infants contributed 1306 child-years of follow-up. Baseline characteristics were similar across groups. Compared with the control group, the relative risk (95 % CI) of serious adverse events was 0·71 (0·48, 1·07), 0·67 (0·48, 0·95) and 0·91 (0·66, 1·25) in 10, 20 and 40 g LNS/d groups, respectively. The incidence rate ratio (95 % CI) of non

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Bendabenda

Alho

Cheung

et al. 2016

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Previous studies examining the effects of micronutrient supplementation on growth have had variable results. Some have demonstrated a beneficial role, particularly in Africa, where fortified foods have improved growth, Fe and vitamin A status (24)(25)(26) . However, other studies have shown no difference in linear growth among infants who were supplemented with micronutrients from 6 to 18 months (27)(28)(29)(30)(31) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

Bauserman

Lokangaka

Gado

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a cereal made from caterpillars, a micronutrient-rich, locally available alternative animal-source food, on reducing stunting and anaemia in infants in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Design: Six-month-old infants were cluster randomized to receive either caterpillar cereal daily until 18 months of age or the usual diet. At 18 months of age, anthropometric measurements and biological samples were collected. Setting: The rural Equateur Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Subjects: One hundred and seventy-five infants followed from 6 to 18 months of age. Results: Stunting was common at 6 months (35 %) and the prevalence increased until 18 months (69 %). There was no difference in stunting prevalence at 18 months between the intervention and control groups (67 % v. 71 %, P = 0·69). Infants in the cereal group had higher Hb concentration than infants in the control group (10·7 v. 10·1 g/dl, P = 0·03) and fewer were anaemic (26 v. 50 %, P = 0·006), although there was no difference in estimates of body Fe stores (6·7 v. 7·2 mg/kg body weight, P = 0·44). Conclusions: Supplementation of complementary foods with caterpillar cereal did not reduce the prevalence of stunting at 18 months of age. However, infants who consumed caterpillar cereal had higher Hb concentration and fewer were anaemic, suggesting that caterpillar cereal might have some beneficial effect. The high prevalence of stunting at 6 months and the lack of response to this micronutrient-rich supplement suggest that factors other than dietary deficiencies also contribute to stunting.

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“…The formula was populated using the following: 44% of underfive children are stunted ( p ) with a 95% confidence interval and 5% marginal error ( d ). The calculated sample size was 378, with a final sample size of 436 mother–child dyads included allowing for an anticipated 15% declining to participate (Adu‐Afarwuah et al., 2007). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and predictors of undernutrition among underfive children in Arusha District, Tanzania

Kejo

Mosha

Petrucka

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Childhood undernutrition is a global health challenge impacting child growth and survival rates. This deficit in nutritional status contributes to the increasing chronic disease prevalence and economic burden in individuals and throughout developing contexts. A community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted in Arusha District of Tanzania to determine the prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in 436 children. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic and socio‐economic factors as well as feeding practices and prevalence of preventable childhood diseases. Anthropometric data were collected through the measurement of length/height and weight of all children. The prevalence of undernutrition was estimated based on Z‐scores indices below −2SD of the reference population for weight for age (underweight), height for age (stunting), and weight for height (wasting). Fifty percent, 28%, and 16.5% of the children were stunted, underweight, and wasted, respectively. The age above 2 years and being a male were associated with stunting. The age above 2 years, nonexclusive breastfeeding children, and living at Seliani and Oturumeti were associated with being underweight. Similarly, morbidity, none exclusively breastfed children, living at Oturumeti, and being born to a mother 35 years and above were associated with wasting. In this study, we found the prevalence of child undernutrition in Arusha District is high in comparison with national and regional trends and appears to be associated with being a male. It is recommended that nutritionists and health planners should focus on these key predictors when planning nutrition interventions to address the problem of undernutrition among underfive children in Arusha District.

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Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana: effects on growth and motor development

Abstract: All 3 supplements had positive effects on motor milestone acquisition by 12 mo compared with no intervention, but only NB affected growth.

Cited by 289 publications

References 34 publications

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

The effect of providing lipid-based nutrient supplements on morbidity in rural Malawian infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

A cluster-randomized trial determining the efficacy of caterpillar cereal as a locally available and sustainable complementary food to prevent stunting and anaemia

Prevalence and predictors of undernutrition among underfive children in Arusha District, Tanzania

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