Randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of a 5-day ceftiofur hydrochloride intramammary treatment on nonsevere gram-negative clinical mastitis

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intramammary treatment with ceftiofur hydrochloride of nonsevere, clinical coliform mastitis. One hundred four cases on 5 farms met the enrollment criteria for the study. Escherichia coli was the most common coliform species identified in milk samples from cows with mild to moderate clinical mastitis, followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. At enrollment, a milk sample from the affected quarter was taken and used for on-farm culture or submitted to the laboratory. For cows in the treatment group, treatment was initiated with ceftiofur hydrochloride via intramammary infusion at 24-h intervals for 5 d according to label standards. Cows in the control group did not receive treatment. Culture results were available on the day after enrollment and only cows with coliform mastitis continued in the treatment and untreated control groups. Bacteriological cure was defined based on 2 posttreatment milk samples. Molecular typing was used for final definition of bacteriological cure. Treatment of nonsevere clinical gram-negative mastitis with ceftiofur hydrochloride resulted in a significant increase in bacteriological cure compared with nontreated controls in animals infected with E. coli or Klebsiella spp. Treated animals clinically improved significantly more compared with control cows. No significant differences were observed between treated and control animals in milk production or linear score before or after clinical mastitis. Treated animals left the study less frequently compared with control animals.

Longitudinal metagenomic profiling of bovine milk to assess the impact of intramammary treatment using a third-generation cephalosporin

“…Our results are in disagreement with those of Schukken et al 34,. who reported 38% bacteriological cure in non-treated cows and 73% bacteriological cure in treated animals.…”

“…. Although current guidelines do not recommend the use of intramammary antibiotics for cows diagnosed with Gram-negative mastitis314, improved bacteriological and clinical outcomes have been shown in mastitic cows treated with third-generation cephalosporins compared with other antimicrobials or untreated controls1516. However, the impact of these broad-spectrum antibiotics on the milk microbiota (other than major pathogens) remains unknown.…”

Treatment of Mastitis in Cattle

“…Gram-negative pathogens have become far more common in the etiology of IMI, and some culture-based treatment programs recommend leaving cows with Gram-negative isolates on milk culture untreated. 10 However, a recent investigation 12 found that untreated cows with IMI due to Gram-negative pathogens had lower rates of clinical and microbiological cure and left the herd at a higher rate when compared with cows with IMI of Gram-negative causes treated with IMM antimicrobial therapy.…”

“…"Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of a 5-Day Ceftiofur Hydrochloride Intramammary Treatment on Nonsevere Gram-negative Clinical Mastitis" by Schukken and colleagues 12 Case criteria: abnormal milk with or without signs of inflammation in the udder The studies regarding ceftiofur suggest that it is effective in improving cure rates of mastitis when compared with untreated controls and that 8 doses may have more efficacy than 2.…”

Klebsiella Species Associated with Bovine Mastitis in Newfoundland

“…Clinical mastitis (CM) is classified as the condition where an animal displays the physical symptoms of mastitis [8] and milk production and quality is also affected [9]. Whilst most studies show limited impact of treatment, Schukken et al [10] reported a significant increase in bacteriological cure after the use of antimicrobials for treating non-severe cases of Klebsiella associated CM. Mastitis adversely affects milk production and generally cows do not regain full production levels post recovery [11], leading to considerable economic losses.…”