Randomized clinical trial of intra-anal electromyographic biofeedback physiotherapy with intra-anal electromyographic biofeedback augmented with electrical stimulation of the anal sphincter in the early treatment of postpartum fecal incontinence

Electrical Stimulation and Pelvic Floor Muscle Training With Biofeedback in Patients With Fecal Incontinence: A Cohort Study of 281 Patients

“…3,[5][6][7] Other studies also have reported a significant improvement in severity of fecal incontinence, 9,20,31 a significant improvement in squeeze pressure, 10,[30][31][32][33][34] and no significant change in resting pressure. 32,34 In contrast to previous studies, we did not observe a significant change in sensory threshold and urge sensation.…”

Do pelvic floor muscle exercises reduce postpartum anal incontinence? A randomised controlled trial

“…26 However, there is some evidence to suggest that combining PFME and electrical stimulation may improve incontinence symptoms and anal sphincter strength more than PFME or electrical stimulation alone. 6,8,9 Electrical stimulation was only offered as a treatment aid to women in the PFME group who were initially unable to perform a VPFMC. We found no significant differences in manometric measures of mean anal sphincter muscle strength between groups at baseline or post-intervention.…”

“…4,6,7 However, two studies designed to evaluate the efficacy of PFME in combination with other treatment aids such as biofeedback and electrical stimulation, showed a reduction in AI symptoms. 8,9 Moreover, the women in the intervention groups also had increased ability to perform voluntary pelvic floor muscle contractions (VPFMC), and both studies had low drop-out rates.…”

Effects and Mechanisms of Anal Electrical Stimulation on Anorectal Compliance and Tone in Dogs

“…4,12 Direct anal electric stimulation (AES) can improve the function of anal sphincter, 10 which has been found to be beneficial in fecal incontinence alone or in combination with biofeedback. 13,14 It has been shown to improve the squeeze pressure generated by external anal sphincter by 23 percent 13 and the compound anal muscle action potential by 50 percent. 15 Our previous study in dogs showed that AES could increase the anal sphincter pressure (ASP) in an energy-dependent manner and that this excitatory effect of AES on anal sphincter was partially inhibited by a-adrenergic receptor antagonist phentolamine but not by cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine.…”