Randomized clinical trial of epidural, spinal or patient-controlled analgesia for patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Abstract

Many of the outcomes in the epidural analgesia group were significantly worse than those in the spinal analgesia and PCA groups, suggesting that either of these two modalities could replace epidural analgesia.

Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Elective Colonic Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society Recommendations

“…There is increasing interest in looking at alternatives to TEA or morphine using spinal analgesia or TAP blocks. A RCT by Levy et al comparing spinal analgesia, morphine and low TEA in fluid-optimised patients provided interesting results because patients with TEA had a longer LOSH [92].…”

‘Am I really ready to go home?’: a qualitative study of patients’ experience of early discharge following an enhanced recovery programme for liver resection surgery

“…The majority of the studies evaluating the effectiveness of ERPs have used traditional clinical measures [9], such as length of stay [10], analgesia use [11] and incidence of post-operative morbidity to gauge recovery [4]. However, there has been limited research on patients' experiences of accelerated discharge after shortening of post-operative hospital stay [12].…”

Anesthesia in Liver Resections: Review

“…The spinal morphine dose ranges from 100 to 500 micrograms useful guidance but may be a weight-related, set to 2 micrograms per kilo dose [47][48][49][50][51]. When an epidural or intrathecal technique is not possible, analgesia depend administration of intravenous morphine, either by the technique of PCA (Patient Controlled Analgesia) or regulated by the use of administrations, with bail according degree of pain present.…”