Randomization tests for changing criterion designs

Onghena, Patrick; Tanious, René; De, Tamal Kumar; Michiels, Bart

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.01.005

Cited by 28 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…However, it can also be seen that there are several data points in each phase that clearly deviate from the criterion. Specific randomization schemes for changing criterion designs have only recently been proposed by Onghena et al [7] and Ferron et al [68]. Similar to phase designs and multiple baseline designs, a changing criterion design is not eligible for an unrestricted randomization scheme.…”

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific structure of the changing criterion design has to be taken into account when determining the randomization scheme. The specific structure of the changing criterion design needs to be preserved with its successive phases and criteria when constructing the reference distribution [7]. Another factor that has to be taken into account is that Singh et al determined that the subject had to record the criterion weight for three weeks before changing the criterion and moving to the next phase [67].…”

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this does not take into account the baseline phase as there is no criterion present in the baseline phase. The different possibilities for incorporating the baseline phase in the randomization procedure and calculation of the test statistic are discussed in Onghena et al [7]. One possibility would be to drop the baseline measures.…”

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we followed the recommendation to take the median value of the baseline phase (311 lbs.) as a criterion [7].…”

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These limits of group studies, specifically in healthcare, were recognized in clinical practice after decades, in which they were thought to be the gold standard and the "N-of-1 randomized controlled trial" was included among the highest levels of evidence in the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine and in the Evidence-Based Medicine Guidelines of the American Medical Association [6][7][8]. Outside the medical field, N-of-1 randomized controlled trials have already long been in use under the name single-case experimental designs (SCEDs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?

Tanious

Onghena

2019

Healthcare

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Health problems are often idiosyncratic in nature and therefore require individualized diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we show how single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) can meet the requirement to find and evaluate individually tailored treatments. We give a basic introduction to the methodology of SCEDs and provide an overview of the available design options. For each design, we show how an element of randomization can be incorporated to increase the internal and statistical conclusion validity and how the obtained data can be analyzed using visual tools, effect size measures, and randomization inference. We illustrate each design and data analysis technique using applied data sets from the healthcare literature.

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Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we followed the recommendation to take the median value of the baseline phase (311 lbs.) as a criterion [7].…”

Section: Changing Criterion Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?

Tanious

Onghena

2019

Healthcare

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Additional randomization test procedures for the changing criterion design

Tanious

2022

Behavioral Interventions

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The single‐point and range‐bound changing criterion design have been proposed as single‐case experimental designs. The only form of randomization currently available for these designs is phase change moment randomization. The present article describes two novel randomization procedures for changing criterion designs, the blocked alternating criterion randomization and randomized alternating criterion randomization, and illustrates their use. Appropriate randomization procedures are introduced for situations in which it is desirable to maintain the stepwise nature of the changing criterion design and situations in which the change in the dependent variable can be assumed not to follow the stepwise pattern. The article further discusses contexts in which each of the randomization procedures for the changing criterion design may be useful, and explains how the procedures maintain the researcher's flexibility.

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Defining and assessing immediacy in single‐case experimental designs

Manolov

Onghena

2022

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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Immediacy is one of six data aspects (alongside level, trend, variability, overlap, and consistency) that has to be accounted for when visually analyzing single‐case data. Given that it is one of the aspects that has received considerably less attention than other data aspects, the current text offers a review of the proposed conceptual definitions of immediacy (i.e., what it refers to) and also of the suggested operational definitions (i.e., how exactly is it assessed and/or quantified). Provided that a variety of conceptual and operational definitions is identified, we propose following a sensitivity analysis using a randomization test for assessing immediate effects in single‐case experimental designs, by identifying when changes were most clear. In such a sensitivity analysis, the immediate effects are tested for multiple possible intervention points and for different possible operational definitions. Robust immediate effects can be detected if the results for the different operational definitions converge.

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Randomization tests for changing criterion designs

Cited by 28 publications

References 73 publications

Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?

Randomized Single-Case Experimental Designs in Healthcare Research: What, Why, and How?

Additional randomization test procedures for the changing criterion design

Defining and assessing immediacy in single‐case experimental designs

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