Randomised trial of self hypnosis for analgesia in labour.

A randomised trial of three methods of giving information about prenatal testing

“…The relative unpopularity of classes, as measured by attendance, has also been observed for classes at later stages of pregnancy 27. This makes them an inferior way of transmitting information in practice.…”

Effects of Self-Hypnosis Training and EMG Biofeedback Relaxation Training on Chronic Pain in Persons with Spinal-Cord Injury

“…This measure has only five items, as compared with other measures of hypnotizability that have more items, such as the Stanford Hypnotizability Scale, Form A or C, with 12 items each (Morgan & Hilgard, 1978–1979). The use of a brief hypnotizability measure may have limited our ability to detect associations between hypnotizability and outcome; although other investigators who have used this scale have found the measure to predict outcome (e.g., Freeman, Macaulay, Eve, Chamberlain, & Bhat, 1986; ter Kuile et al, 1994). In any case, our findings do suggest that, at least for persons with SCI pain, neither initial beliefs about outcome or treatment nor global hypnotizability should be used for screening patients out of treatment.…”

Hypnosis: practical applications and theoretical considerations in normal labour

“…Of the other controlled studies, some involved random allocation of women to hypnosis or control groups, or used consecutive women attending the clinic. These studies generally found hypnotherapy to be of little benefit (Winklestein 1958; Tom 1960; Freeman et al 1986). Tom (1960), while finding that hypnosis was useful, considered it too time consuming to be worthwhile.…”

“…Although this is usually attributed to a combination of relative uterine inefficiency and increased soft tissue tension, the explanation remains controversial. Since the work of Grantly Dick‐Read in the 1930s and 1940s (Dick‐Read 1944) drawing attention to the importance of emotional factors, several authors have attempted to modify these using hynotherapeutic techniques (Abramson & Heron 1950; Michael 1952; Clark 1956; Winklestein 1958; August 1960; Davidson 1962; Tom 1960; Schibly & Aanonson 1966; Freeman et al , 1986; Brann & Guzvica 1987). Although results were generally encouraging, there has been little interest in this topic over the past 30 years.…”