Randomised Trial of Alternative Formulations of Oral Poliovaccine in Brazil

National Serosurvey of Post Vaccination Poliovirus Antibody in Saudi Arabia

“…However, in some developing countries, oral polio vaccine has been much less effective. 2 A small seroprevalence study was conducted in two areas in Saudi Arabia and seroconversion was 76.55%, 84.4%, and 71.8% for Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 respectively, 7 which is comparable to the present results. The efficacy of OPV in inducing humoral immunity against Type 1 and Type 3 in some countries has been lower than expected.…”

“…In the western region, the pattern of postvaccination GMT (Table 1) reflects the interference of Type 2 against Type 1 and Type 3, a phenomenon which was demonstrated in other studies. 2 This study shows the need for the continuous monitoring of the response to poliomyelitis vaccination in order to provide an effective immunization for children. This should be done also in countries in which poliomyelitis has been apparently controlled in order to avoid an unexpected outbreak such as the one in Finland.…”

“…8 In Brazil, a study which measured the postvaccination antibody to poliovirus showed that 84%, 91%, and 57% of the children had antibody against Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, respectively. 2 Salk and Drucker 9 also showed that postvaccination detectable antibodies against Type 1 and Type 3 can be less than 60% in countries such as India, Brazil, and Mali. Apart from the significant difference between postvaccination seroconversion in rural and urban areas for Type 2 poliovirus, our study did not show any effect of regional distribution on the postvaccination seroconversion.…”

“…Some outbreaks were reported in developing countries with a hot climate such as India, 1 Brazil, 2 Oman 3 and the Gaza Strip. 4 A substantial number of poliomyelitis cases occurred in vaccinated children.…”

A poliomielite em Sergipe

“…Este surto epidêmico teve como característica principal uma modificação na predominância do poliovírus, que passa a ser o P 3 . Sabe-se que durante este surto foi constatada redução de títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes para P 3 na região nordestina 8 , em decorrência da utilização de vacina Sabin em 1985 e 1986, com títulos para P 3 menores que 300000 TCID 50/dose 8 , facilitando a predominância de P 3 .…”