Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fish oil in the treatment of depression

Silvers, Karen M.; Woolley, Cheryl; Hamilton, Frances C.; Watts, Peter Murray; Watson, R. A.

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2004.11.004

Cited by 179 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Randomised controlled trials using a mix of EPA and DHA fish oils in addition to antidepressant therapy resulted in improved response [10] or no response [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Major Depression is Associated with Increased Erythrocyte DHA

Meyer

Grenyer

Crowe

et al. 2013

Lipids

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The aim of this study was to determine if changes in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid status following tuna oil supplementation correlated with changes in scores of depression. A total of 95 volunteers receiving treatment for major depression were randomised to consume 8 × 1 g capsules per day of HiDHA (2 g DHA, 0.6 g EPA and 10 mg Vitamin E) or olive oil (placebo) for 16 weeks, whilst undergoing weekly counseling sessions by trained clinical psychologists using a standard empirically validated psychotherapy. Depression status was assessed using the 17 item Hamilton rating scale for depression and the Beck Depression Inventory by a psychodiagnostician who was blind to the treatment. Blood was taken at baseline and 16 weeks (n = 48) for measurement of erythrocyte fatty acids. With HiDHA supplementation, erythrocyte DHA content rose from 4.1 ± 0.2 to 7.9 ± 0.4 % (mean ± SEM, p < 0.001) of total fatty acids but did not change (4.0 ± 0.2 to 4.1 ± 0.2 %) in the olive oil group. The mean changes in scores of depression did not differ significantly between the two groups (-12.2 ± 2.1 for tuna oil and -14.4 ± 2.3 for olive oil). However, analysis of covariance showed that in the fish oil group there was a significant correlation (r = -0.51) between the change in erythrocyte DHA and the change in scores of depression (p < 0.05). Further study of the relationship between DHA and depression is warranted. Meyer, B. J., Grenyer, B. F. S., Crowe, T., Owen, A. J., Grigonis-Deane, E. M. & Howe, P. R.C. 2013, 'Improvement of major depression is associated with increased erythrocyte DHA ', Lipids, vol. 48,no. 9,

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“…Randomised controlled trials using a mix of EPA and DHA fish oils in addition to antidepressant therapy resulted in improved response [10] or no response [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Major Depression is Associated with Increased Erythrocyte DHA

Meyer

Grenyer

Crowe

et al. 2013

Lipids

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“…[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Of the 7 augmentation studies in adults, 4 found no benefit with the addition of omega-3 fatty acids. 30,31,32,35 However, 2 of these studies were in patients with comorbid diabetes or coronary heart disease and may not be applicable for depressed patients without these comorbidities. 30,31 The 2 positive placebocontrolled studies reported a 7.2-to 10.8-point improvement on the Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD) compared with placebo.…”

Section: Unipolar Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Mental Illness

Gören

Tewksbury

2011

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Purpose: This article will summarize the current evidence on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on prevention and treatment of mental illness. Background: Omega-3 fatty acids are involved in many physiologic processes. Since they cannot be made de novo in the body, they are considered essential nutrients. As the Western diet evolved, dietary intake of fatty acids has shifted to increased omega-6 fatty acids and decreased omega-3 fatty acids intake. These changes have been correlated with numerous differences in prevalence and course of mental illnesses. Methods: A MEDLINE search from 1966 to December 2010 was completed to identify studies comparing changes in symptoms, functioning, other outcomes, and/or side effects in patients treated with omega-3 fatty acids for mental illness. The studies were reviewed and reported by specific psychiatric disorder studied. Conclusions: Omega-3 fatty acids play a role in many biologic functions. Epidemiologic data implicate omega-3 fatty acid deficiencies in many mental illnesses. Data are most robust for omega-3 fatty acids' role in affective disorders. However, data are conflicting, negative, or absent for most mental illnesses.

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“…Silvers et al [54] conducted a placebo-controlled trial of fish oil in the treatment of depression. They found no evidence that fish oil improved mood when compared to placebo oil.…”

Section: Nutrients and Affective Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and Behaviour: The Role of ω3 Fatty Acids

Wilczynska-Kwiatek¹,

Singh²,

Meester³

2010

TONUTRAJ

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This review article gathers evidence on the potential relationship between dietary intake of 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( 3 PUFAs) and mental function. Several pieces of evidence that 3 PUFAs influence affective and cognitive function are presented.Although published data and results available in the field remain limited and sometimes ambiguous, they have shed a new light on the role of proper diet in general, 3 PUFAs in particular, in many mental disorders and dysfunctions, including depression and cognitive decline in aging. The analysis of the influence of fatty acids on human health allows us to formulate a new, more holistic approach to both prevention and treatment of psychological disorders and dysfunctions. What is more, it appears that 3 PUFAs have a beneficial influence on mental function in healthy people as well.The currently available data concerning the influence of fatty acids on behaviour and mental function are still insufficient and suffer so far from lack of standard determination of background, intermediairy and endpoint omega-6/3 ratios in plasma lipids of patients involved in both epidemiological and intervention studies. There is a great need for further refined trials in the field.

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Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of fish oil in the treatment of depression

Cited by 179 publications

References 20 publications

Improvement of Major Depression is Associated with Increased Erythrocyte DHA

Improvement of Major Depression is Associated with Increased Erythrocyte DHA

The Use of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Mental Illness

Nutrition and Behaviour: The Role of ω3 Fatty Acids

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