Random distribution of biomaterials as a handling method on microarray applied to PCR, biosensors and high through-put screening

Murakami, Yuji; Nagai, Hidenori; Kikuchi, Takayuki; Yamamura, Akira; Idegami, Kotaro; Yanase, Masahiro; Choi, Yong-Sung; Morita, Yasutaka; Tamiya, Eiichi

doi:10.1109/mmb.2000.893734

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Adsorption phenomena are prevalent in static, rectangular-chamber PCR chips due to their high surface-tovolume ratios [17], and they contribute to PCR inhibition through non-specific sequestering of Taq polymerase, but of not DNA as has been previously suggested [32]. In accordance with previous findings [16,18,33,34] we have also shown that the addition of titrated amounts of BSA can effectively counteract this adsorption [19]. BSA is supposed to compete with Taq polymerase for active adsorption sites, thus blocking polymerase adsorption to some degree.…”

Section: Kinetics and Biochemical Optimizationsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…sensors or control circuitry). Passive PCR chips, in turn, provide easier prototyping and a slightly superior performance, but it remains to be seen whether this difference in efficiency would hold if chip dimensions were shrunk [33] and smaller and faster Peltier cells (with lower thermal masses) were used.…”

Section: System Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gradient can rise up to 2.5 • C for 30 × 30 mm 2 Peltier cells (see figure 11), strongly hindering PCR efficiency. Thus, an oxygen-free copper block is necessary to redistribute heat in centimetre-sized chips, and can only be discarded (to improve transients) when using smaller chips and/or cells [16,33]. For the Peltier cell used in this work we found that 1 mm thick copper blocks (with 0.5 • C gradients) were the most suitable choice, since 0.5 mm thick blocks still presented up to 1 • C gradients and 2 mm thick blocks slowed transients excessively without improving gradients (0.4 • C) in a remarkable way.…”

Section: Temperature Control Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a CMOS-compatible PCR chip: comparison of design and system strategies

Erill

Campoy

Rus

et al. 2004

J. Micromech. Microeng.

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In the last decade research in chips for DNA amplification through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been relatively abundant, but has taken very diverse approaches, leaving little common ground for a straightforward comparison of results. Here we report the development of a line of PCR chips that is fully compatible with complementary-metal-oxidesemiconductor (CMOS) technology and its revealing use as a general platform to test and compare a wide range of experimental parameters involved in PCR-chip design and operation. Peltier-heated and polysilicon thin-film driven PCR chips have been produced and directly compared in terms of efficiency, speed and power consumption, showing that thin-film systems run faster and more efficiently than Peltier-based ones, but yield inferior PCR products. Serpentine-like chamber designs have also been compared with standard rectangular designs and with the here reported rhomboidal chamber shape, showing that serpentine-like chambers do not have detrimental effects in PCR efficiency when using non-flow-through schemes, and that chamber design has a strong impact on sample insertion/extraction yields. With an accurate temperature control (±0.2 • C) we have optimized reaction kinetics to yield sound PCR amplifications of 25 µl mixtures in 20 min and 24.4 s cycle times, confirming that a titrated amount of bovine albumin serum (BSA, 2.5 µg µl −1) is essential to counteract polymerase adsorption at chip walls. The reported use of a CMOS-compatible technological process paves the way for an easy adaption to foundry requirements and for a scalable integration of electro-optic detection and control circuitry.

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