“…The mechanism involves a process of OH − ions adsorption on the organic semiconductor surface so that an increase of H + lead to a current decrease. 33 Two I DS transient current (V DS = −0.5 V, V G = −0.5 V) traces, measured on two different gating capsules, are shown in Figure 11.…”
A jellified alginate based capsule serves as biocompatible and biodegradable electrolyte\ud
system to gate an organic field-effect transistor fabricated on a flexible substrate.\ud
Such a system allows operating thiophene based polymer transistors below\ud
0.5 V through an electrical double layer formed across an ion-permeable polymeric\ud
electrolyte. Moreover, biological macro-molecules such as glucose-oxidase\ud
and streptavidin can enter into the gating capsules that serve also as delivery system.\ud
An enzymatic bio-reaction is shown to take place in the capsule and preliminary\ud
results on the measurement of the electronic responses promise for low-cost,\ud
low-power, flexible electronic bio-sensing applications using capsule-gated organic\ud
field-effect transistor
“…The mechanism involves a process of OH − ions adsorption on the organic semiconductor surface so that an increase of H + lead to a current decrease. 33 Two I DS transient current (V DS = −0.5 V, V G = −0.5 V) traces, measured on two different gating capsules, are shown in Figure 11.…”
A jellified alginate based capsule serves as biocompatible and biodegradable electrolyte\ud
system to gate an organic field-effect transistor fabricated on a flexible substrate.\ud
Such a system allows operating thiophene based polymer transistors below\ud
0.5 V through an electrical double layer formed across an ion-permeable polymeric\ud
electrolyte. Moreover, biological macro-molecules such as glucose-oxidase\ud
and streptavidin can enter into the gating capsules that serve also as delivery system.\ud
An enzymatic bio-reaction is shown to take place in the capsule and preliminary\ud
results on the measurement of the electronic responses promise for low-cost,\ud
low-power, flexible electronic bio-sensing applications using capsule-gated organic\ud
field-effect transistor
“…The CNTs solution prepared is highly uniform and provides a shelf life of several months without rebundeling of the CNTs together. This has enabled a reproducible production of several devices based on lowdensity CNT networks films with excellent performance [10], [11], [25]- [29]. A 1 wt% aqueous solution of CMC is obtained by adding adequate amount of it to Millipore deionized water (DI-H 2 O).…”
We demonstrate the ion-selective response of an electrolyte-gated carbon nanotube network based field-effect transistor fabricated on a flexible polyimide substrate. Selective response towards the two prominent second messengers for cellcell communication, namely K + and Ca 2+ is demonstrated by modifying the carbon nanotube network with different polymeric ion-selective membranes. The sensing mechanism relies on the transduction of the ionic signal in an electrical one due to an ionactivity dependent change of the membrane potential at the membrane/electrolyte interface, which leads to a change in the effective gate-potential affecting the charge transport in the semiconducting channel. These sensors can be successfully used to selectively detect concentrations of primary ions down to a concentration in the μM range even in solutions with a highly concentrated background of interfering ions. Our approach allows the realization of low-cost, flexible, portable and multipurpose biosensing devices.Index Terms-carbon nanotubes, electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor, flexible, ion-selective membrane, ion-sensitive fieldeffect transistor
“…High stability was obtained by coordinating SWCNTs with poly(1-amino anthracene) resulting in a sensor providing a stable response over a period of 120 hours in a 2-12 pH range [461]. Other information can be found in [462][463][464]. The possibility to integrate CNTs in smart low cost microcircuits enables their use as sensors in the agro-food sector.…”
Recent advances in nanomaterial design and synthesis has resulted in robust sensing systems that display superior analytical performance. The use of nanomaterials within sensors has accelerated new routes and opportunities for the detection of analytes or target molecules. Among others, carbon-based sensors have reported biocompatibility, better sensitivity, better selectivity and lower limits of detection to reveal a wide range of organic and inorganic molecules. Carbon nanomaterials are among the most extensively studied materials because of their unique properties spanning from the high specific surface area, high carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, flexibility, and optical transparency fostering their use in sensing applications. In this paper, a comprehensive review has been made to cover recent developments in the field of carbon-based nanomaterials for sensing applications. The review describes nanomaterials like fullerenes, carbon onions, carbon quantum dots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanotubes, and graphene. Synthesis of these nanostructures has been discussed along with their functionalization methods. The recent application of all these nanomaterials in sensing applications has been highlighted for the principal applicative field and the future prospects and possibilities have been outlined.
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