Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of the phenetic relationships among world-wide accessions of Hydrilla verticillata

Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae), a recent invader threatening Brazil’s freshwater environments: a review of the extent of the problem

“…The dioecious Hydrilla produces large tubers in smaller numbers than the monoecious biotype (Van, 1989). Nevertheless, Hydrilla's growth habit displays a great deal of environmental plasticity, and to distinguish the biotypes accurately it is necessary to perform a molecular assay (Ryan et al, 1995;Madeira et al, 1997Madeira et al, , 2000.…”

A comparative study of isoenzyme patterns ofHydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle in Japan

“…Intraspecific variation of H. verticillata has been reported in morphology, sex expression and chromosome number, and occurrence of large genetic variations has been shown by comparative isoenzyme studies (Verkleij et al 1983a, Pieterse et al 1984,1985 and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Madeira et al 1997). Comparative studies have also been conducted to know the differentiation of ecological and physiological traits of various biotypes of H. verticillata (Spencer and Anderson 1986, MacFarland and Barko 1987, Steward and Van 1987, Van 1989, Steward 1991,1992.…”

A comparison of host range and performance of congeneric leaf-mining flies, Hydrellia pakistanae (Diptera: Ephydridae) and Hydrellia sp., two candidate biological control agents for the South African biotype of Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae)

“…H. verticillata thrives in a variety of freshwater habitats (Cook and Lüönd, 1982) and its growth habit of forming a dense canopy at the water surface (Haller and Sutton, 1975), coupled with its ecological adaptability, make it a highly aggressive competitor in aquatic environments (Langeland, 1996). H. verticillata is considered to be genetically diverse (Madeira et al, 1997(Madeira et al, , 2007Verkleij, 1983), although the presence of three cryptic species within the Hydrilla genus was recently proposed by Benoit (2011). The plant can be monoecious or dioecious, diploid, triploid or tetraploid (Cook and Lüönd, 1982) and there is biotype variation in reproduction, growth form and morphology (Steward, 1993; Van, 1989).…”

“…H. verticillata is regarded as the worst aquatic weed in the southeastern states of North America (Balciunas et al, 2002;Center et al, 1997) and it was recently discovered during 2006 in Pongolapoort Dam (27°24 0 09 00 S 31°57 0 31 00 E), a major tourism destination in northern KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa (Henderson, 2006). RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analyses were used to determine the origins of the H. verticillata biotypes invading both North America (Madeira et al, 1997) and South Africa (Madeira et al, 2007). In North America, a female dioecious form was first discovered in Florida in the 1950s (Schmitz et al, 1991) and was later determined to originate in India (Madeira et al, 1997).…”