Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of clinically and environmentally isolated Cryptococcus neoformans in Nagasaki

Yamamoto, Yoshihiro; Kohno, Shigeru; Koga, Hironobu; Kakeya, Hiroshi; Tomono, Kazunori; Kaku, Mitsuo; Yamazaki, Takuya; Arisawa, M; Hara, Kouhei

doi:10.1128/jcm.33.12.3328-3332.1995

Cited by 80 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…RAPD analysis of 21 clinical and 8 environmental isolates of C. neoformans var. neoformans in Nagasaki, Japan, revealed that 18 of the 29 isolates belonged to a single pattern and that 6 of the remaining 11 belonged to one other profile (28). In that study, the relative homogeneity of isolates was confirmed by DNA hybridization with the UT-4p probe (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting

et al. 1996

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Sixty-one clinical and forty-nine environmental isolates ofCryptococcus neoformans var. gattii from Australia and the United States were analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), using 12-to 22-mer primers in pairs, and/or PCR fingerprinting with a single primer derived from the microsatellite core sequence of the wild-type phage M13 (5 GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT 3). Three major genetic profiles were identified by both typing techniques. A single RAPD profile (VGI) predominated among clinical isolates (44 of 48, 92%) and isolates from host eucalypts (45 of 45, 100%) from Australia. Of the 94 Australian isolates, 4 (3 clinical and 1 environmental) were assigned to profile VGII; 2 of these were recovered from patients and one was recovered from plant debris from Western Australia. Only one Australian clinical isolate was assigned to profile VGIII. A different distribution of RAPD profiles (four VGIII, two VGII, and one VGI) was found among four clinical and three environmental isolates from the United States. RAPD profiles of 8 of the 101 isolates studied revealed minor genetic variants, 4 of profile VGI and 4 of profile VGII. Genetic concordance between the majority of clinical and environmental isolates in Australia is consistent with the hypothesis that human disease is acquired from exposure to host eucalypts. Profiles of clinical isolates were independent of body site of infection, and profiles of all isolates were stable over time. Analysis by PCR fingerprinting confirmed the RAPD results. A second RAPD profile (VGII) was associated with infection in southwest Western Australia, where the two host eucalypts do not occur naturally. This raises the possibility of an alternative and as yet unidentified natural habitat of C. neoformans var. gattii. Our results indicate that RAPD analysis is a sensitive and useful method for investigating environmental sources of human infection with this biotype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting

et al. 1996

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“…1993) but did not group patterns of amplified DNA at a level more sensitive than serotyping. One report (Yamamoto et al 1995) identified a pattern in C. neoformans var. neofirmans that was common to two human isolates and one isolate from pigeon guano, consistent with the hypothesis that pigeon guano is a source of human infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We adapted this method to study the epidemiology of C. neoformans. Other PCR-based protocols applied to C. neoforrnans, have used primers directed against microsatellite DNA (Meyer et al 1993) or conventional RAPD analysis using single, short primers (Crampin et al 1993 ;Haynes et al 1995 ;Brandt et al 1995 ;Yamamoto et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans by random DNA amplification

Ruma

Chen

Sorrel

et al. 1996

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was optimized and used to distinguish between the varieties and serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans. The RAPD technique distinguished between serotypes A, D or AD within C. neoformans var. neoformans, and revealed further differentiation within each serotype. Four RAPD profiles were clearly recognizable within C. neoformans var. gattii, although its two serotypes, B and C, were only differentiated with one primer combination out of seven.

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“…The genomic DNA extraction of yeast-like fungi was performed as previously described by Yamamoto et al (1995). Briefly, each of the isolates was subcultured onto the SDB medium for 48 h at 25°C.…”

Section: Identification Of Yeast-like Fungi By Genotypementioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation frequency and epidemiological characterization of yeast-like fungi and co-infected bacteria isolated from clinical patient

Park¹,

Kim²,

Kang³

et al. 2016

J. Yeast Fungal Res.

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Pathogenic yeast-like fungi and bacteria are found all over the world, and are a frequent cause of invasive disease in immunocompromised hosts. However, there is a paucity of data on pathogenic yeast-like fungi in Korea. In this study, the characterization of pathogenic yeast-like fungi and coinfected bacteria isolated from 715 patients (ranging in age from 29 days to 99 years, with a mean age of 49 years) that were collected from general hospitals (from April 2011 to March 2013) in Busan were investigated. A total of 744 pathogenic yeast-like fungi and 170 six bacterial strains were isolated from clinical samples. The majority of isolates from sputum and urine samples were obtained from patients. The isolation frequency by sex was similar in females (48.6%) and males (51.4%). It was higher in individuals over 60 years of age (67.5%) than in younger individuals. The Candida species most frequently isolated from clinical samples was Candida albicans (64.0%), followed by Candida tropicalis (18.1%), Candida glabrata (8.6%), Candida parapsilosis (5.0%), Candida krusei (0.7%), and other Candida species (1.9%). The non-Candida species isolated most frequently from clinical samples was the Trichosporon species (1.2%). Although C. albicans was the most common species in almost clinical samples, C. tropicalis (47.6%) was most common species in urine samples. Staphylococcus aureus (15.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.2%) were commonly isolated from patients infected with C. albicans. Although the epidemiology of pathogenic yeast-like fungal infection has been reported, these results are the first on the distribution of yeast-like fungi and co-infected bacteria from patients in Korea.

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Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of clinically and environmentally isolated Cryptococcus neoformans in Nagasaki

Cited by 80 publications

References 21 publications

Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting

Concordance of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis and PCR fingerprinting

Characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans by random DNA amplification

Isolation frequency and epidemiological characterization of yeast-like fungi and co-infected bacteria isolated from clinical patient

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