Ramsay Sedation Scale and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale

Rasheed, Akram Mohammad; Amirah, Mohammad F; Abdallah, Mohammad; Parameaswari, P J; Issa, Marwan Rasmi; Alharthy, Abdulrhman

doi:10.1097/dcc.0000000000000346

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The points indicate the level of the patient's arousal, starting with "awakens to voice" and ending with "unarousable." The scale was created in cooperation with the teams working in the hospital: doctors, nurses, and pharmacists [19].…”

Section: Scales Assessing the Effect On The Occurrence Of Deliriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Delirium during ECMO Therapy in a Critical Care Unit in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Krupa

Friganović

Mędrzycka‐Dąbrowska

2021

IJERPH

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Background: The problem of delirium during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy, which has rarely been studied, is an important issue since it is necessary to ensure patient safety during therapy. This study aimed to show the incidence of delirium in patients after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy and factors affecting the occurrence of delirium in this group of patients. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Method: The study involved a group of patients from an intensive cardiac care unit who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy. The study lasted for more than two years, in the period from 2018 until 2020. The Nursing Delirium Screening Scale (NuDESC) and the Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS) were applied. Additionally, the patients were examined using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS), the Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS), and a thirst intensity scale; ultimately, relationships between these factors and delirium were examined. Results: In patients who underwent ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) therapy, delirium was confirmed by the NuDESC in 68.75% of patients in the evening hours, while it was measured by the DOSS scale in 84.38% of patients in the morning. The study found that ECMO delirium was not associated with hyperactivity, sleep disturbance, sedation, pain, or thirst. Conclusion: Delirium in patients undergoing ECMO therapy was confirmed by both the NuDESC and DOSS. Factors such as thirst and sleep disturbance after ECMO therapy were shown to influence the occurrence of delirium. The diagnosis of delirium using standardized scales is possible provided that more tests are carried out. Research should be conducted to determine whether the NuDESC is equivalent to the DOSS.

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Section: Scales Assessing the Effect On The Occurrence Of Deliriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Delirium during ECMO Therapy in a Critical Care Unit in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Krupa

Friganović

Mędrzycka‐Dąbrowska

2021

IJERPH

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“…The secondary outcomes were postoperative sedation score and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The sedation score was assessed using the Ramsy score 12 when patients arrived in the recovery room, and every 15 min was recorded. Ramsy scores are: zero score represents Restlessly, score one represents Calm, score two represents Sleepy, score three represents Drowsy with response to verbal stimuli, Score four represents Drowsy without response to verbal stimuli, and score five represent no response to painful stimuli.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of pregabalin with magnesium sulfate in the prevention of remifentanil‐induced hyperalgesia in patients undergoing rhinoplasty: A randomized clinical trial

Hadavi

Eghbal

Kaboodkhani

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objective Remifentanil is usually used for controlled hypotension during rhinoplasty under general anesthesia (G/A). One of the complications of the remifentanil is postoperative hyperalgesia. In this study, we compare the effectiveness of pregabalin with that of Mg sulfate in postoperative remifentanil‐induced hyperalgesia prevention. Methods In this prospective, randomized, double‐blinded placebo‐controlled trial, 105 patients who candidates rhinoplasty with G/A were enrolled and randomly allocated into three groups. Patients in group A received 300 mg pregabalin before anesthesia. They received physiologic saline infusion during the perioperative period. Those in group B received placebo capsules before anesthesia and intravenous Mg sulfate 30 mg/kg during the perioperative period. Those in group C received a placebo capsule before anesthesia and normal intravenous saline during the operation. Then, pain severity, sedation score, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were assessed and compared. Results In the Mg sulfate and placebo group, the mean numerical rating scale in the postoperative period was higher compared to the pregabalin group ( p < .001). The mean total amount of morphine requirement, meanwhile the 24 h post‐operation, was significantly decreased in the pregabalin group compared to the other groups ( p < .001). Participants in the pregabalin group had less PONV compared to those in the pregabalin and placebo groups ( p = .015). Conclusions In patients undergoing G/A with remifentanil for rhinoplasty, preoperative 300 mg pregabalin could effectively prevent not only remifentanil‐induced hyperalgesia but also PONV. Level of evidence 1b.

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“…We also measured the amounts of propofol usage in patients. The Ramsay Sedation Scale (RSS) was recorded in three groups every 15 minutes ( 22 ). Based on this score, the score of the patients varies from 1 (awake, anxious, agitated, or restless) to 6 (asleep, no response to light, glabella tap, or loud noise).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Two Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Sedation, Agitation, and Bleeding During Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy

et al. 2021

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Background: Due to the importance of dexmedetomidine and its different dosages, here, we aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of the doses of 1 µg/kg and 2 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine in sedation, agitation, and bleeding in pediatrics undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Methods: This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 105 pediatric patients that were candidates for adenotonsillectomy. Then, the patients were divided into three groups receiving dexmedetomidine at a dose of 2 µg/kg, diluted dexmedetomidine at 1 µg/kg, and normal saline. The drugs were administered 15 minutes before operations via the intravenous method. The duration of extubation, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and SPO2 in the recovery were recorded. We also collected data regarding patients’ sedation and agitation every 15 minutes. Results: Our data showed no significant differences between the groups of patients regarding MAP, HR, and SPO2. However, the mean sedation score was significantly higher in patients receiving dexmedetomidine (2 µg/kg), and this score was lowest in the control group at the time of entrance to the recovery room. The patients that received dexmedetomidine at a dose of 1 µg/kg had the lowest agitation score after 45 minutes of being in the recovery room, and the patients treated with dexmedetomidine at a dose of 2 µg/kg had the lowest agitation score after 60 minutes of being in the recovery compared to other groups of patients. Conclusions: The use of the doses of 1 µg/kg and 2 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine was associated with proper sedation and a significant reduction in agitation. The patients also had lower amounts of bleeding. We recommend that anesthesiologists should pay more attention to dexmedetomidine at a dose of 2 µg/kg, especially in pediatric surgical procedures.

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Ramsay Sedation Scale and Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale

Cited by 50 publications

References 26 publications

Occurrence of Delirium during ECMO Therapy in a Critical Care Unit in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Occurrence of Delirium during ECMO Therapy in a Critical Care Unit in Poland—A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Comparison of pregabalin with magnesium sulfate in the prevention of remifentanil‐induced hyperalgesia in patients undergoing rhinoplasty: A randomized clinical trial

Effects of the Two Doses of Dexmedetomidine on Sedation, Agitation, and Bleeding During Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy

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