Raman studies of the adipose tissue: Current state-of-art and future perspectives in diagnostics

Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy toward In Vivo Assessment of the Adipose Tissue in Cardiometabolic Pathologies

“…This study aimed to prove whether commercially available equipment based on SORS methodology is effective for the adipose tissue examination in vivo via the layers of skin and the hypodermal region. In cardiometabolic diseases, visceral white adipose tissue is highly prone to alterations; 39 hence, gWAT, as the most abundant adipose tissue depot, 40 was selected. The hypodermal region is also a layer of the white adipose tissue 41 which is spectrally similar to gWAT that complicates the measurements.…”

“…It should be noted that using equipment nondedicated for clinical trials carries a risk of bias. However, the results gathered through the Resolve SORS provide a promising benchmark for studying the adipose tissue in mice and humans 39 in vivo . Nevertheless, there are certain limitations to be considered, particularly in the context of live animal research.…”

Microscopic vibrational circular dichroism on the forewings of a European hornet: heterogenous sequences of protein domains with different secondary structures

“…The secondary structure of the protein at each circle was identified by comparing the obtained VCD spectra with those reported for authentic samples of various secondary strucutures. [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] From this comparison, we deduced that the domains change from b-sheet (green circle) to a-helix (red circle), and then return to b-sheets (black circle) (Fig. 3(c)).…”

Fast histological assessment of adipose tissue inflammation by label-free mid-infrared optoacoustic microscopy

“…Contrary to these methods, vibrational techniques, such as Raman- and mid-infrared-based imaging, are highly sensitive to detecting intrinsic biomolecular contrast by means of their characteristic vibrational modes. In particular, Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) and Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) microscopy have been extensively applied to visualize lipid distribution in WAT—mainly using the CH spectral region (3300–2700 cm −1 ) dominated by the vibrational modes of lipids 10 – 14 but with limited sensitivity in the fingerprint region (1800–900 cm −1 ) characteristic of other important biomolecules such as carbohydrates and proteins 15 . Additionally, with the capability to image cross sections up to eight orders of magnitude larger than Raman imaging 16 , mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy promises to enhance sensitivity and specificity for label-free analytical histology even in the fingerprint region.…”