Raman spectroscopy study of graphene thin films synthesized from solid precursor

Structural Investigation of the Synthesized Few-Layer Graphene from Coal under Microwave

“…The full width half maximum (FWHM) of the 2D band measured the number of graphene layers, which is shown in Figure 2 c [ 51 ]. The FWHM values for the different percentages of catalyst were 48 ± 0.15 cm −1 for P2% Fe, 64 ± 0.17 cm −1 for P5% Fe, 75 ± 0.26 cm −1 for P10% Fe, and 74 ± 0.24 cm −1 for P20% Fe, which suggest the formation of FLG, which is supported by the findings in other studies [ 47 , 52 ] ( Table 2 ).…”

“…In addition, the I D /I G results showed P2% Fe was 0.89, P5% Fe was 0.73, P10% Fe was 0.35, and P20% Fe was 0.862, with the P10% Fe sample containing the lowest value (0.35) ( Figure 2 a). It showed that the homogenous and continuous graphene carbon nanostructures were formed in the P10% Fe sample [ 47 ]. However, the degree of graphitization value for the P20% was higher than the P10% sample due to the catalytic aggregation, and a high amount of disordered structures were present in the sample [ 48 ].…”

“…Furthermore, the I 2D /I G ratio determined the number of graphene layers. The lowest ratio for the I 2D /I G was 0.44, which was observed for the P10% Fe sample, and it corresponded to the FLG structure ( Figure 2 b) [ 47 ]. Moreover, the I 2D /I D ratio signified the overall crystalline structures of all samples analysed, shown in Table 2 .…”

Self-assembly of carbon based nanoparticles films by Langmuir-Blodgett method

“…99 Another method for production of graphene thin films is rapid thermal annealing of nickel films saturated with carbon atoms, molecules or nanoparticles. [100][101][102][103] In theory, the specific surface area (SSA) of graphene is 2630 m 2 g -1 which is similar to activated carbon, but much larger than carbon nanotubes (CNTs)from ≈100 to 1000 m 2 g -1 and carbon black (less than 900 m 2 g -1 ). 104 It conducts electricity and heat very efficiently and it is almost transparent.…”