Raman Spectroscopy for the <i>in Situ</i> Identification of Cocaine and Selected Adulterants

Carter, J. Chance; Brewer, William E.; Angel, S. M.

doi:10.1366/0003702001949014

Cited by 69 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The Raman spectra depicted in Fig. 7A are very similar to the Raman spectrum of free base cocaine (crack cocaine) published in recent studies (17,31). In particular, the triplet of peaks between 840 and 900 cm Ϫ1 match up exactly.…”

supporting

confidence: 78%

Classification of Narcotics in Solid Mixtures Using Principal Component Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy

Ryder

2002

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Eighty-five solid samples consisting of illegal narcotics diluted with several different materials were analyzed by near-infrared (785 nm excitation) Raman spectroscopy. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to classify the samples according to narcotic type. The best sample discrimination was obtained by using the first derivative of the Raman spectra. Furthermore, restricting the spectral variables for PCA to 2 or 3% of the original spectral data according to the most intense peaks in the Raman spectrum of the pure narcotic resulted in a rapid discrimination method for classifying samples according to narcotic type. This method allows for the easy discrimination between cocaine, heroin, and MDMA mixtures even when the Raman spectra are complex or very similar. This approach of restricting the spectral variables also decreases the computational time by a factor of 30 (compared to the complete spectrum), making the methodology attractive for rapid automatic classification and identification of suspect materials.

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supporting

confidence: 78%

Classification of Narcotics in Solid Mixtures Using Principal Component Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy

Ryder

2002

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Such results were recently reported for cocaine in solid mixtures 22 using Raman spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometric methods, in situ identification of cocaine and selected adulterants 23 and a large number of narcotics including opium alkaloids 24 illicit drugs 25 and generally substances not only of pharmaceutical but also of forensic interest. 23 -26 …”

Section: Drug-excipient Interactionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Identification and characterization of pharmaceuticals using Raman and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Pinzaru

Pavel

Leopold

et al. 2004

J Raman Spectroscopy

129

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Many recent papers reflect ongoing research and development concerning pharmaceutical applications of Raman techniques. This short review highlights different Raman techniques (dispersive, Fourier transform, resonance Raman, SERS, SERRS, FT-SERS) employed in pharmaceutical investigations. Several Raman applications such as fundamental structural investigations, quantitative analysis, drug-excipient interaction, formulation, limit of detection, pH-dependent pharmaceutical species, adsorption geometry at a given surface and functional groups involved in adsorption for several widely used pharmaceutical compounds are presented.

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“…SERS is already an established technique to detect explosives 4,12,13 , narcotics 14,15 and pesticides 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembled nanoparticle arrays for multiphase trace analyte detection

et al. 2012

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Nanoplasmonic structures designed for trace analyte detection by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy typically require sophisticated nanofabrication techniques. An alternative to fabricating such arrays is to rely on self-assembly of nanoparticles at liquid-liquid or liquid-air interfaces into close-packed arrays.The density of the arrays can be fine tuned by modifying the nanoparticle functionality, pH of the solution, and salt concentration. Importantly, these arrays are robust, "self-healing", reproducible, and extremely easy to handle. Herein, we report on the use of such platforms made of Au nanoparticles for detection of (multi)analytes from the aqueous, organic, or air phases. The total interfacial area of the Au array, at the liquid-liquid interface, is approximately 25 mm 2 , making this platform ideal for small volume samples, low concentrations, and trace analytes. Importantly, the ease of assembly and rapid 2 detection makes this platform ideal for in-field sample testing of toxins such as explosives, drugs, or other hazardous chemicals.3

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Raman Spectroscopy for the in Situ Identification of Cocaine and Selected Adulterants

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Classification of Narcotics in Solid Mixtures Using Principal Component Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy

Classification of Narcotics in Solid Mixtures Using Principal Component Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy

Identification and characterization of pharmaceuticals using Raman and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

Self-assembled nanoparticle arrays for multiphase trace analyte detection

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