Raman spectroelectrochemical study of polyaniline at UV, blue, and green laser line excitation in solutions of different pH

Mažeikienė, Regina; Niaura, Gediminas; Malinauskas, Albertas

doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2018.06.006

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This vibration undergoes simultaneous perturbation during heating; this event showed PAni experiencing doping loss. The coupling changed the conformation of the chain structure to polysemiquinoid form, which the structure is similar to the PAni on leucoemeraldine form [18,19,21]. Then, the band around 1100-1190 cm -1 , shown the peak intensity, which slightly rises at 1167 cm -1 when the increases temperature.…”

Section: Effect Various Drying Temperature On Pani Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 87%

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Effect of drying temperature on polyaniline electrode for polyaniline|Zn battery performance

Akbar¹

2019

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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Here, we report the effect of various drying temperature of Polyaniline (PAni) on battery PAni|Zn performance. PAni was synthesized using the electrodeposition method on the surface of the graphite sheets (GS), at 0.7 V relative to the saturated Ag/AgCl. PAni is dried with various temperature, 25, 80, 120, and 180 o C, respectively. PAni was characterized by Raman spectroscopy; then the performance Pani battery was studied in a rechargeable battery system. The measurement results found the PAni|Zn battery with 25 o C temperature drying of PAni was a good performance which the capacity density stable at 175-105 mAh g-1 until 100 cycles. Raman study showed that high-temperature drying resulted in a cleavage peak at 1188 cm-1 and increased peak intensity at 1495 cm-1. This vibrational mode appears as a stretching ν(C-C) on the semi quinonoid ring and ν(C=N) on the quinoid ring. This phenomenon indicated the changing structure of PAni to be Emeraldine base form.

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Section: Effect Various Drying Temperature On Pani Chemical Structurementioning

confidence: 87%

“…The next step is the polymerization stage (propagation), which the dimer form will react with the existing monomers to form the polyaniline chain. Species from this dimer will dominate the distribution of the polymer, then PAni is produced in the form of emeraldine salt with dark green color [19].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Panimentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of drying temperature on polyaniline electrode for polyaniline|Zn battery performance

Akbar¹

2019

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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“…The cell moves together with the electrode in a linear path with respect to the Raman light source, reducing the time for which a single spot on the electrode is exposed to the Raman source. The linear moving electrode was first developed by Niaura et al 140 and is mostly used by Mažeikienė et al to study polyaniline, [141][142][143][144][145][146] dyes [147][148][149][150] and hexacyanoferrates. 151,152 3.2.1.3 Rotating electrodes and cells.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[178][179][180][181][182][183] A related field is the investigation of graphene. 162,163,[184][185][186][187][188][189][190] Another popular application of Raman-SEC within material science is to get more insight on conductive polymers, studied by the group of Malinauskas [141][142][143][144][145][146]191 and others. [192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201][202] A number of applications are reported on the investigation of dyes, [147][148][149][150]203,204 small organic molecules that can form monolayers on the electrode material [205][206][207][208][209] and protein/cell studies.…”

Section: Future Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Spectroelectrochemistry, the future of visualizing electrode processes by hyphenating electrochemistry with spectroscopic techniques

Lozeman

Führer

Olthuis

et al. 2020

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The combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy, known as spectroelectrochemistry (SEC), is an already established approach. By combining these two techniques, the relevance of the data obtained is greater than what it would be when using them independently. A number of review papers have been published on this subject, mostly written for experts in the field and focused on recent advances. In this review, written for both the novice in the field and the more experienced reader, the focus is not on the past but on the future. The scope is narrowed down to four techniques the authors claim to have the most potential for the future, namely: infrared spectroelectrochemistry (IR-SEC), Raman spectroelectrochemistry (Raman-SEC), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroelectrochemistry (NMR-SEC) and, perhaps slightly more controversial but certainly promising, electrochemistry mass-spectrometry (EC-MS).

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“…In our previous works, we have studied the redox interconversions of different forms of polyaniline with the use of UV, blue and green [8], as well as red or near infrared excitations [9]. The present work has been aimed at the study of differently protonated oxidized and reduced forms of polyaniline by multiwavelength differential Raman spectroelectrochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of deprotonation processes of polyaniline by differential multiwavelength Raman spectroscopy in an electrochemical system

Mažeikienė¹,

Niaura²,

Malinauskas³

2019

chemija

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A layer of polyaniline has been deposited at a gold electrode and studied by differential multiwavelength Raman spectroelectrochemistry. A set of laser line excitation wavelengths was used, including blue (442 nm), green (532 nm), red (633 nm) and far red (785 nm). From the results obtained, the difference spectra between deprotonated (pH 9.0) and protonated (pH 1.0) forms of oxidized and reduced polyaniline were derived and analysed. The characteristic features for different forms of polyaniline were identified, and their dependence on the excitation wavelength was shown. In addition to the usual Raman spectroscopy, the differential spectroscopy enables one to analyse the increase or decrease of intensity for selected Raman bands upon a reversible deprotonation of this polymer.

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Raman spectroelectrochemical study of polyaniline at UV, blue, and green laser line excitation in solutions of different pH

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of drying temperature on polyaniline electrode for polyaniline|Zn battery performance

Effect of drying temperature on polyaniline electrode for polyaniline|Zn battery performance

Spectroelectrochemistry, the future of visualizing electrode processes by hyphenating electrochemistry with spectroscopic techniques

Study of deprotonation processes of polyaniline by differential multiwavelength Raman spectroscopy in an electrochemical system

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