Raman Spectra of Solid Chlorine and Bromine

Abstract

Librational lattice modes have been observed at 15°K in solid Cl2 at 83, 100, and 118 cm−1, and at 55, 74, 86, and 101 cm−1 in solid Br2. Their intensities relative to one another can be qualitatively accounted for by the oriented gas model. The stretching frequencies [ν(1–0)] of Cl2 and Br2 are shifted −13 and −20 cm−1, respectively, from their gas phase values and show structure due to isotope splittings and inter-molecular coupling. The spectra of the lattice modes, the Br2 stretching motion, and the Cl2 stretching motion indicate, respectively, strong, intermediate, and weak intermolecular coupling relative to the isotope splittings. Both lattice and internal frequencies indicate stronger intermolecular forces in solid Br2 than in solid Cl2.

Low Temperature Raman Spectra of Dichlorosulfane (SCl2), Tetrachlorosulfurane (SCl4), Dichlorodisulfane (S2Cl2) and Dichlorodiselane (Se2Cl2)

“…Above 150 cm -1 the spectrum is similar to the published spectra [5]; the four lines below 150 cm" 1 are a superposition of the SC1 4 lines at 84 and 136 (see Fig. 3 b) and the lattice vibrations of crystalline chlorine at 77, 94, 113 and 138 cm -1 [18,19].…”

Bromine polycondensation in pristine and fluorinated graphitic carbons

“…46 A single peak at ca. 311 cm −1 (denoted IV′) is located between the peaks of solid bromine (296 cm −1 ) 47 and gaseous bromine (323 cm −1 ). 48 In contrast, the spectra of C 2 F x -Br samples with x = 0.47, 0.24, 0.07 (hereinafter referred as low-fluorinated compounds) and G-Br have a rich structure.…”

Resonance Raman scattering studies inBr2-adsorbed double-wall carbon nanotubes

“…We should point out that this band exhibits a large downshift when compared with solid bromine ͑300 cm −1 ͒ and gaseous Br 2 ͑324 cm −1 ͒. 29 For graphite intercalation compounds, the bromine stretching mode was observed at 242 cm −1 at a temperature of 77 K. The downshift from 242 to 233 cm −1 may be attributed to a hardening of the atomic vibrations due to a decrease in temperature.…”