Raman microscopic identification of gunshot residues

Stich, Susanne; Bard, Delphine; Gros, Leo; Wenz, H.; Yarwood, J.; Williams, K. P. J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4555(199809)29:9<787::aid-jrs301>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In recent years other instrumental techniques have been studied for the analysis of GSR; these include micro-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) [31,32], inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) [33], focused ion beam (FIB) [34], Raman microscopy [35], and time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) [36]. Micro-XRF cannot be used for single-particle examinations because of problems with spatial resolution.…”

Section: Methods and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in methods of chemical analysis in investigations of firearm-related events

Zeichner

2003

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

103

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A review of recent (approximately the last ten years) developments in the methods used for chemical analysis in investigations of firearm-related events is provided. This review discusses:examination of gunshot (primer) residues (GSR) and gunpowder (propellant) residues on suspects and their clothing;detection of firearm imprints on the hands of suspects;identification of the bullet entry holes and estimation of shooting distance;linking weapons and/or fired ammunition to the gunshot entries, and estimation of the time since discharge.

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Section: Methods and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in methods of chemical analysis in investigations of firearm-related events

Zeichner

2003

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

103

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“…Hasiera batean Raman espektroskopia tiro-aztarnetako konposatu ez-organikoen identifikaziorako erabili zen, berun eta bario gatzen identifikaziorako hain zuzen ere [38]. Azkeneko urteotan, teknika horrek konposatu organikoen identifikazioa ahalbidetu du [39].…”

Section: Tiro-aztarna Organikoen Analisiaunclassified

Tiro-aztarnen identifikazioa, auzitegi-laborategien erronka

Unceta

Grijalba²,

Benito³

et al. 2015

EKAIA

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Laburpena: Azken urteotan, su-armen erabilera nabarmen handitu da gure gizartean eta horrek tiro egin ondoren sortutako partikulen analisirako metodologia berriak garatzea ekarri du. Krimenaren gertalekuan tiro-aztarnak (gunshot residue, GSR) osatzen dituzten konposatuen detekzioak eta identifikazioak su-armen erabileraren ebidentzia fidagarria eskaintzen dute. Tiro-aztarnak erretako eta erre gabeko partikulen multzoa dira, munizioa erretzen denean sortutakoak eta su-armak berak, jaurtigaiak eta kartutxoak askatutako konposatuez osatuak. Tiro egin ostean, partikulak tiroa gertatu den tokiaren inguruan jalkitzen dira, baina, batez ere, tiratzailearen gorputzean (eskuak, sudurra eta ilea) eta arropetan. Gaur egun, GSR partikulen ohiko analisia konposatu ez-organikoen identifikazioan oinarritzen da. Konposatu organikoen azterketak (organic gunshot residues, OGSR) lagin baten froga-balioa indartu dezake. Hala ere, gutxi dira OGSRen dudarik gabeko identifikaziorako guztiz sentikorrak diren metodoak. Lan honetan, beraz, tiro-aztarnen lagin-biltzea eta analisirako teknika aipagarrienak laburbildu eta berrikusten dira. Hitz-gakoak:Auzitegiko zientzia, tiro-aztarna ez-organikoak (IGSR), tiro aztarna organikoak (OGSR), lagin-biltzea, metodo analitikoak. Abstract:In the last years, the use of firearms has increased considerably in our society which has raised the development of new analytical methodologies in order to detect the particles formed during shooting. The detection and identification of compounds consistent with gunshot residues (GSR) in a crime scene provides forensic evidence of the use of firearms. These particles are a set of burned and unburned particles formed as a result of the combustion process of ammunition and contain components expelled from the firearm itself, the projectile and the cartridge case. After the discharge, particles are deposited on all surfaces in the vicinity where the shot has taken place but mainly in shooter's body (hands, nose and hair) and clothing. Currently, conventional analysis of GRS is focused on inorganic components. The study of organic components may strengthen the probative value of a sample. However, only a few studies propose analytical methods sensitive enough to identify OGSR. The cur-

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“…4,5 Raman techniques can attain high spatial resolutions of ¾1 µm which allow for the analysis of discrete micrometresized particles, as demonstrated by the determination of drug levels in individual cells 6,7 and the analysis of gunshot residues. 8 These advantages have been exploited by several research groups that have employed Raman microscopy or fibre-optic probes for the analysis and identification of explosive materials. 9 -14 Although the use of Raman spectroscopy for the identification of illegal narcotics is well established, 3,15 -17 very little work has been published on the use of Raman spectroscopy for the quantitative measurement of illegal drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of cocaine in solid mixtures using Raman spectroscopy and chemometric methods

Ryder

O’Connor

Glynn

2000

J. Raman Spectrosc.

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Near-infrared (785 nm) excitation was used to obtain Raman spectra from a series of 33 solid mixtures containing cocaine, caffeine and glucose (9.8-80.6% by weight cocaine), which were then analysed using chemometric methods. Principal component analysis of the data was employed to ascertain what factors influenced the spectral variation across the concentration range. It was found that 98% of the spectral variation was accounted for by three principal components. Analysis of the score and loadings plots for these components showed that the samples can be clearly classified on the basis of cocaine concentration. Discrimination on the basis of caffeine and glucose concentrations was also possible. Quantitative calibration models were generated using partial least-squares algorithms which predicted the concentration of cocaine in the solid mixtures containing caffeine and glucose from the Raman spectrum with a root mean standard error of prediction (RMSEP) of 4.1%. Caffeine and glucose concentrations were estimated with RMSEPs of 5.2 and 6.6%, respectively. These measurements demonstrate the feasibility of using near-IR Raman spectroscopy for rapid quantitative characterization of illegal narcotics.

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Raman microscopic identification of gunshot residues

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Recent developments in methods of chemical analysis in investigations of firearm-related events

Recent developments in methods of chemical analysis in investigations of firearm-related events

Tiro-aztarnen identifikazioa, auzitegi-laborategien erronka

Quantitative analysis of cocaine in solid mixtures using Raman spectroscopy and chemometric methods

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