Raman characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals: phonon confinement effect and formation of CuxS phases

Havryliuk, Yevhenii; Valakh, M. Ya.; Dzhagan, Volodymyr; Greshchuk, O.; Yukhymchuk, V.О.; Raevskaya, A. E.; Stroyuk, A. L.; Selyshchev, Oleksandr; Gaponik, Nikolai; Zahn, Dietrich R. T.

doi:10.1039/c8ra05390a

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…In a separate detailed investigation of the influence of film deposition and drying conditions on the formation of secondary phases we found the optimum substrate and environment for significantly reducing the secondary-phase content [34]. In the present study, neither of the two NC sample types shows Raman peaks of phases other than CZTS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The Raman spectra presented in the manuscript were acquired with an excitation laser power of 0.1 mW (10 6 W/cm 2 ). We also investigated the spectra at laser powers down to 0.001 mW (10 4 W/cm 2 ) to ensure that the material was not notably modified during the Raman measurements (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4 and Figure 6 in [34]). An additional proof that the laser power does not affect the samples are our recently reported low-temperature measurements (77 K) [34], which revealed no qualitative changes in the spectra except for an expected temperature-induced shift and narrowing of the phonon peaks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Havryliuk

Selyshchev

Valakh

et al. 2019

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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The effect of flash-lamp annealing (FLA) on the re-crystallization of thin films made of colloidal Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals (NCs) is investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Unlike similar previous studies of NCs synthesized at high temperatures in organic solvents, NCs in this work, which have diameters as small as 2–6 nm, were synthesized under environmentally friendly conditions in aqueous solution using small molecules as stabilizers. We establish the range of FLA conditions providing an efficient re-crystallization in the thin film of NCs, while preserving their kesterite structure and improving their crystallinity remarkably. The formation of secondary phases at higher FLA power densities, as well as the dependence of the formation on the film thickness are also investigated. Importantly, no inert atmosphere for the FLA treatment of the NCs is required, which makes this technology even more suitable for mass production, in particular for printed thin films on flexible substrates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Havryliuk

Selyshchev

Valakh

et al. 2019

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…Typically, the main Raman peak of stannite structure CZTS is reported at 330–339 cm −1 matching the values well reported for crystals and films. Nevertheless, frequencies in the range of 320–334 cm −1 can also be found in the literature for CZTS in the same range where the strongest Raman features of wurtzite and stannite CZTS were often reported [ 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Synthesis and Characterization of Cu2FeSnS4–Cu2MnSnS4 Solid Solution Microspheres

2020

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In this study, we used a hydrothermal method to synthesize microspheres of Cu2(Mn1−xFex)SnS4 solid solution (X = 1, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, 0). The process was optimized to improve the crystallinity, morphology, and purity of the obtained materials. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The following conditions were optimized: A mixture of water and ethylene glycol at the ratio of 1:7 as the reaction medium, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the surface ligand, and reaction temperature of 195 °C for 7 days. The product of synthesis precipitated in the form of aggregates of nanocrystals, which form homogeneous, often concentric microspheres with a diameter of 1–1.5 μm. The chemical composition of the product can be well controlled by the chemical composition of the reactants. The compound Cu2(Mn1−xFex)SnS4 forms a continuous series of solid solutions.

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“…The intense characteristic peak at 284, 327 and 617 cm −1 , which is the characteristic peak of CZTS. The Raman spectrum does not exhibit any peak at 476 cm −1 , and 353 cm −1 , which is considered the distinct peaks of Cu 2‐X S, and ZnS, respectively [35] . Therefore, the XRD and Raman analysis thus signify pure phase growth of CZTS thin film during the hydrothermal process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Cu₂ZnSnS₄, a Fascinating Counter Electrode for TiO₂‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Roy

Sundaram

2021

ChemistrySelect

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Since innovation, different dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have endeavored with additional components to escalate the efficiency, cost‐effectiveness and long‐term stability. Various approaches have been executed to reduce the amount of costly platinum (Pt) used in DSSCs and/or to explore cheaper alternatives to Pt. In this work, cheaper elements based quaternary chalcogenide alloy; Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) has been projected as a prominent counter electrode (CE) candidate to Pt in DSSCs. The CZTS thin film has been developed by an in‐situ synthesis employing a hydrothermal technique and further evaluating various physicochemical characterization. Our results manifest that using the CZTS CE, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.3 % was exhibited for TiO2 based photoanode. The highest PCE of 6.5 % was achieved for BaSnO3 based photoanode, a promising alternative oxide to TiO2 photoanode. This work further signifies a unique combination of newly developed BaSnO3(BSO)‐CZTS DSSCs, could be a promising competitor to TiO2‐Pt DSSCs.

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Raman characterization of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals: phonon confinement effect and formation of Cu_xS phases

Abstract: A Raman spectroscopic study of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals (NCs) produced by a “green” synthesis in aqueous solutions is reported.

Cited by 42 publications

References 78 publications

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Synthesis and Characterization of Cu2FeSnS4–Cu2MnSnS4 Solid Solution Microspheres

Cu₂ZnSnS₄, a Fascinating Counter Electrode for TiO₂‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

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Raman characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals: phonon confinement effect and formation of CuxS phases

Abstract: A Raman spectroscopic study of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanocrystals (NCs) produced by a “green” synthesis in aqueous solutions is reported.

Cited by 42 publications

References 78 publications

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu2ZnSnS4 nanocrystals

Synthesis and Characterization of Cu2FeSnS4–Cu2MnSnS4 Solid Solution Microspheres

Cu2ZnSnS4, a Fascinating Counter Electrode for TiO2‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

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Raman characterization of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals: phonon confinement effect and formation of Cu_xS phases

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Raman study of flash-lamp annealed aqueous Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals

Cu₂ZnSnS₄, a Fascinating Counter Electrode for TiO₂‐Free Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells