Raman Amplification: An Enabling Technology for Long-Haul Coherent Transmission Systems

Pelouch, Wayne

doi:10.1109/jlt.2015.2458771

Cited by 70 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Several other approaches are currently being investigated to overcome this limit, including extending the usable frequency band within fibers [10-12] by changing the amplification technology from current erbium-doped fiber arrays (EDFAs) to, e.g., Raman amplifiers [13,14], transmitting several non-interfering optical beams at the same frequency using optical angular momentum (OAM) [15,16], or simply transmitting several interfering beams at the same frequency at vastly different power levels so that they can be reconstructed at the receiver [17]. While at first glance all these technologies may appear to be competing to solve the same problem, they are ultimately complementary, and could one day be combined to achieve even greater overall network capacity.…”

Section: Sdm Switching Paradigms and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Performance of Spatially Joint-Switched Space Division Multiplexing Optical Networks via Spatial Group Sharing

Pederzolli

Siracusa

Shariati

et al. 2017

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Space division multiplexing (SDM) is a promising approach to overcome the looming fiber capacity crunch. Joint and fractional joint switching (JoS and FJoS) architectures, which switch multiple spatial dimensions together as atomic units, have been proposed to reduce the cost of implementing SDM and cater to strongly coupled transmission media. However, they have been shown to impose significant penalties to overall network performance, at least when many relatively small connections are used in the context of uncoupled spatial dimensions, while performing nearly as well as the independent switching (InS) architecture if the average connection size is sufficiently large to efficiently exploit their increased granularity. In this work we tackle the performance penalty that JoS and FJoS architectures impose on SDM networks with uncoupled spatial dimensions compared to InS, by proposing two novel routing, space, and spectrum allocation (RSSA) heuristics that effectively share jointly switched resources, adapted to use different types of SDM reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer architectures requiring only a small additional cost. We investigate the performance of these new RSSA algorithms compared to an existing one under several traffic conditions and models using simulations. We find that our proposals can achieve significant improvements in the performance of SDM networks carrying large numbers of relatively small connections, up to parity of performance with InS designs, at a lower implementation cost, under all traffic conditions under study, including different average connection sizes and size diversity.

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Section: Sdm Switching Paradigms and Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Performance of Spatially Joint-Switched Space Division Multiplexing Optical Networks via Spatial Group Sharing

Pederzolli

Siracusa

Shariati

et al. 2017

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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“…This improves the maximum transmission reach/data capacity, compared with lumped amplification [1]- [3]. To achieve this, different Raman pumping schemes can be used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Transmission Performance Using Backward-Propagated Broadband ASE Pump

Iqbal

Tan

Harper

2018

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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Abstract-We propose a novel first order incoherent broadband ASE pump which can be used as a seed pump in dual order backward-pumped distributed Raman amplification. Using this broadband ASE pump mitigates the RIN transfer from the backward-propagated second order pump to the signal, and extends the reach of 10 × 120 Gb/s DP-QPSK WDM transmission to 7915 km, giving a minimum of 12% (833 km) increase, compared with using low RIN semiconductor laser diode and random distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser.Index Terms-Optical amplifiers, optical fiber communication.

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“…Another gain peak occurs at a frequency 15 THz apart from the Raman Pump and the effective Gain bandwidth is around 6 THz as seen in Figure . Raman amplifier can be designed in two basic configurations of either a discrete amplifier or a distributed amplifier . A discrete amplifier is equivalent of a lumped amplifier component and is designed by taking an optical fiber of a smaller core diameter than usual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman amplification by employing data modulated pump signals for bi‐directional communication

Farooq

Ghafoor

2018

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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We propose a symmetric 10 × 10 Gb/s bidirectional wavelength division multiplexed passive optical link having a length of 80‐km supported only by Raman amplification through pre‐amplified data modulated uplink channels. The conventionally ignored wavelength region of E‐band has been utilized for employing pre‐amplified data modulated Raman pumps. The proposed network allows the use of single low‐cost and low‐power amplifier for distributed Raman amplification instead of multiple high‐cost Raman laser pump modules.

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Raman Amplification: An Enabling Technology for Long-Haul Coherent Transmission Systems

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

Improving Performance of Spatially Joint-Switched Space Division Multiplexing Optical Networks via Spatial Group Sharing

Improving Performance of Spatially Joint-Switched Space Division Multiplexing Optical Networks via Spatial Group Sharing

Enhanced Transmission Performance Using Backward-Propagated Broadband ASE Pump

Raman amplification by employing data modulated pump signals for bi‐directional communication

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