Ramadan Observance Exacerbated the Negative Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep and Training Behaviors: A International Survey on 1,681 Muslim Athletes

Romdhani, Mohamed; Ammar, Achraf; Trabelsi, Khaled; Chtourou, Hamdi; Vitale, Jacopo Antonino; Masmoudi, Liwa; Nédélec, Mathieu; Rae, Dale E.; Horani, Ramzi A. Al; Saad, Helmi Ben; Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi; Dönmez, Gürhan; Dergaa, Ismail; Driss, Tarak; Farooq, Abdulaziz; Harroum, Nesrine; Hassanmirzaei, Bahar; Khalladi, Karim; Khemila, Syrine; Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo José; Moussa-Chamari, Imen; Mujika, Iñigo; Helú, Hussein Muñoz; Fashkhami, Amin Norouzi; Paineiras-Domingos, Laisa Liane; Khaneghah, Mehrshad Rahbari; Saita, Yoshitomo; Souabni, Maher; Souissi, Nizar; Washif, Jad Adrian; Weber, Johanna; Żmijewski, Piotr; Taylor, Lee; Garbarino, Sergio; Chamari, Karim

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.925092

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…1 Many studies have confirmed that COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased anxiety level. [2][3][4][5][6] Recent studies have demonstrated that the lockdown due to COVID-19 would reduce sleep quality and physical activity levels, [7][8][9][10][11] which in turn could increase the anxiety level. 12 So far, COVID-19 continues to spread in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of COVID-19 and Anxiety: Serial Mediation by Trust in the Government and Hope

Yang¹,

Wang²

2023

PRBM

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Purpose How to reduce the damage of COVID-19 pandemic to people’s mental health is a current research hotspot. The present study examined the mediating role of trust in the government and hope in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. Participants and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1053 Chinese subjects (20.24±3.97 years old, 85.3% female) were investigated by using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Anxiety Scale, Trust in the Government Measure Scale and Herth Hope Scale , which was conducted by an online survey using snowball sampling technique. Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to test the hypothesized mediating effects of trust in the government and hope in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. Results The fear of COVID-19 could positively predict anxiety level ( β =0.36, p <0.001). Results of the mediation analyses demonstrated that trust in the government ( β =−0.16, p <0.001) and hope ( β =−0.28, p <0.001) mediated the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety level respectively. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 could also indirectly predict anxiety level through the chain-mediated role of the trust in the government and the hope ( β =0.28, p <0.001). Conclusion Our findings shed light on a correlation between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. This study emphasizes the value of trust in the government and hope in maintaining mental health when individuals face public stress events from both external and internal perspectives.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of COVID-19 and Anxiety: Serial Mediation by Trust in the Government and Hope

Yang¹,

Wang²

2023

PRBM

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“…Furthermore, a qualitative analysis through interviews might address more detailed (or specific) issues of athletes from a different perspective of performance; whereas questionnaires we used were specific to our objectives, albeit checked and verified by a large number of researchers and scientists including experts (e.g., in sports performance, periodisation, detraining, recovery, sleep, psychology, injury, among others). Ramadan fasting occurred in the early the lockdown, and might have impacted on the results ( Romdhani et al, 2022a ), which we addressed elsewhere ( Washif et al, 2022d ). Moreover, data concerning injury prevalence is only specific to athletes with acute mild (light) injury as we did not consider the participation (survey) of athletes having moderate or severe injuries, which further limits the conclusions regarding injury prevalence during the lockdown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Athlete level, sport-type, and gender influences on training, mental health, and sleep during the early COVID-19 lockdown in Malaysia

Washif¹,

Kok

James

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Purpose: We evaluated the extent of changes in training practices, recovery, mental health, and sleep patterns of athletes during the early COVID-19 lockdown in a single country-cohort.Methods: A total of 686 athletes (59% male, 41% female; 9% World Class, 28% International, 29% National, 26% State, 8% Recreational) from 50 sports (45% individual, 55% team) in Malaysia completed an online, survey-based questionnaire study. The questions were related to training practices (including recovery and injury), mental health, and sleep patterns.Results: Relative to pre-lockdown, training intensity (−34%), frequency (−20%, except World-Class), and duration (−24%–59%, especially International/World-Class) were compromised, by the mandated lockdown. During the lockdown, more space/access (69%) and equipment (69%) were available for cardiorespiratory training, than technical and strength; and these resources favoured World-Class athletes. Most athletes trained for general strength/health (88%) and muscular endurance (71%); and some used innovative/digital training tools (World-Class 48% vs. lower classification-levels ≤34%). More World-Class, International, and National athletes performed strength training, plyometrics, and sport-specific technical skills with proper equipment, than State/Recreational athletes. More females (42%) sourced training materials from social media than males (29%). Some athletes (38%) performed injury prevention exercises; 18% had mild injuries (knees 29%, ankles 26%), and 18% received a medical diagnosis (International 31%). Lower-level athletes (e.g., State 44%) disclosed that they were mentally more vulnerable; and felt more anxious (36% vs. higher-levels 14%–21%). Sleep quality and quantity were “normal” (49% for both), “improved” (35% and 27%), and only 16% and 14% (respectively) stated “worsened” sleep.Conclusion: Lockdown compromised training-related practices, especially in lower-level athletes. Athletes are in need of assistance with training, and tools to cope with anxiety that should be tailored to individual country requirements during lockdown situations. In particular, goal-driven (even if it is at home) fitness training, psychological, financial, and lifestyle support can be provided to reduce the difficulties associated with lockdowns. Policies and guidelines that facilitate athletes (of all levels) to train regularly during the lockdown should be developed.

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“…First, training contents or interventions the athletes performed during lockdown were not documented. Next, questions related to mental health and sleeping habits (Pillay, et al, 2020;Romdhani, et al, 2022b) may offer additional perspectives regarding the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on athletes in the Philippines (Leyton-Román, de la Vega, & Jiménez-Castuera, 2020). Furthermore, Ramadan intermittent fasting, which has taken place during the lockdown, could have influenced the lockdown effects among Muslim athletes, which we addressed elsewhere (Washif, et al, 2022d).…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training practices of Filipino athletes during the early covid-19 lockdown

Pagaduan

Haddad

Chamari

et al. 2022

Kinesiology (Zagreb, Online)

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The imposition of COVID-19 lockdown restricted the daily activities of many people, including athletes. This study investigated the training practices of athletes in the Philippines during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 442 athletes answered an online survey (May-July 2020), with questions pertaining to training practices, such as training frequency and duration. Data were analyzed according to: athlete classification (world-class, international, national, state, or recreational), sport category (individual or team), and sex (male or female). During lockdown, significant reductions in training frequency (except recreational, i.e., lower pre-lockdown training) and duration were observed for all athlete classifications. Similarly, training frequency and duration decreased significantly irrespective of sport category and sex. World class athletes appeared to be less affected by lockdown (types of exercise and specific training) as compared to lower-classification athletes. Athletes grouped in accordance with sex and sport category demonstrated little to no difference in training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown. The findings of the current study highlight the challenges experienced by athletes during lockdown, which may aid policy makers in the development of guidelines related to lockdown or lockdown-like situations and establish appropriate support for affected athletes.

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Ramadan Observance Exacerbated the Negative Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Sleep and Training Behaviors: A International Survey on 1,681 Muslim Athletes

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Fear of COVID-19 and Anxiety: Serial Mediation by Trust in the Government and Hope

Fear of COVID-19 and Anxiety: Serial Mediation by Trust in the Government and Hope

Athlete level, sport-type, and gender influences on training, mental health, and sleep during the early COVID-19 lockdown in Malaysia

Training practices of Filipino athletes during the early covid-19 lockdown

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