Ramadan fasting and pregnancy: implications for fetal development in summer season

Şakar, Mehmet; Gültekin, Hüseyin; Demir, Bülent; Bakir, Vuslat Lale; Balsak, Deniz; Vuruskan, E.; Acar, Hicran; Yücel, Oğuz; Yayla, Murat

doi:10.1515/jpm-2013-0289

Cited by 27 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moradi reported that fasting did not influence amniotic fluid amount, whereas Sakar et al ., showed that AI was increased in nonfasting pregnant women and Seckin et al ., displayed that it decreased in fasting people. [ 15 16 17 ] In line with these studies, we noticed that fasting – regardless of season – did not change Doppler indices including resistive index, pulsatility index, and systolic/diastolic ratio of umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and uterine artery associated with fetomaternal circulation. However, its effect on AI was different, especially in summertime studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Influence of Fasting in Summer on Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy

Altunkeser

Körez

2016

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science

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Objectives:Ramadan is a holy month in which eating and drinking are forbidden from dawn to sunset. In this study, we investigated using ultrasonography (USG) whether fasting in summer (as occurred in Ramadan 2014) had an influence on the volume of amniotic fluid during pregnancy.Materials and Methods:The study included 119 pregnant women in total who were admitted to our department with a request of obstetric USG between June 28, 2014, and July 27, 2014. The fasting group included 61 pregnant women and the control group of 58 pregnant women. In our study, all the fasting pregnant women had Sahur (predawn meal eaten before starting fasting) and Iftar (the evening meal for fast-breaking) every day, regularly. The women in the control group did not fast. In addition to amniotic fluid index and fetal biometric measurements during Ramadan, amniotic fluid volume was measured ultrasonographically throughout pregnancy. All ultrasound examinations were performed at least 8 h after Sahur during Ramadan. Chi-square test was utilized to compare the measurements of amniotic fluid volume, and Mann–Whitney U-test was utilized to analyze the differences in fetal growth data. Moreover, difference was considered statistically significant when the P value was <0.05.Results:The mean age was 25.7 years in the fasting group and 25.8 years in the control group. Other characteristics and mean gestational weeks of the two groups were similar. Ultrasonographically, there was no significant difference between two groups in respect to amniotic fluid amount during pregnancy (P = 0.7). There was no significant difference with regard to fetal growth parameters either (P > 0.05).Conclusion:In pregnant women who had regular predawn and fast-breaking meals, fasting in summer did not elicit alteration in the amount of amniotic fluid throughout pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The Influence of Fasting in Summer on Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy

Altunkeser

Körez

2016

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science

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“…Furthermore, other potential effects of Ramadan fasting may not have been included in our outcome measures. Other studies have shown effects of Ramadan fasting on fetal movement [ 41 ], maternal glucose levels [ 42 ] and various fetal growth indices [ 43 ]. Furthermore, our review did not examine whether fasting in the periconceptional period was associated with pregnancy outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Glazier

Hayes

Hussain

et al. 2018

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundAlthough exempt, many pregnant Muslim women partake in the daily fast during daylight hours during the month of Ramadan. In other contexts an impoverished diet during pregnancy impacts on birth weight. The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether Ramadan fasting by pregnant women affects perinatal outcomes. Primary outcomes investigated were perinatal mortality, preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Secondary outcomes investigated were stillbirth, neonatal death, maternal death, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, congenital abnormalities, serious neonatal morbidity, birth weight, preterm birth and placental weight.MethodsSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomised controlled trials was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Health Management Information Consortium and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts. Studies from any year were eligible. Studies reporting predefined perinatal outcomes in pregnancies exposed to Ramadan fasting were included. Cohort studies with no comparator group or that considered fasting outside pregnancy were excluded, as were studies assuming fasting practice based solely upon family name. Quality of included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies. Analyses were performed in STATA.ResultsFrom 375 records, 22 studies of 31,374 pregnancies were included, of which 18,920 pregnancies were exposed to Ramadan fasting. Birth weight was reported in 21 studies and was not affected by maternal fasting (standardised mean difference [SMD] 0.03, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.05). Placental weight was significantly lower in fasting mothers (SMD -0.94, 95% CI -0.97 to -0.90), although this observation was dominated by a single large study. No data were presented for perinatal mortality. Ramadan fasting had no effect on preterm delivery (odds ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.37) based on 5600 pregnancies (1193 exposed to Ramadan fasting).ConclusionsRamadan fasting does not adversely affect birth weight although there is insufficient evidence regarding potential effects on other perinatal outcomes. Further studies are needed to accurately determine whether Ramadan fasting is associated with adverse maternal or neonatal outcome.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-2048-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…4 In another study from a country where the Islamic month was observed during summer season (July-August), investigators found a decrease in the amniotic fluid volume among fasting pregnant mothers, when compared to non fasting mothers. 5 Karateke A et al, in a cohort of more than 200 women, also did not find any significant difference in the growth parameters of fetus among fasting and non fasting women, except increase in amniotic fluid and maternal weight gain amongst women who fasted during second trimester. 6 In another prospective cohort study from Netherlands, women who fasted during the first trimester had lighter weight newborns, compared to non fasting women (-198 g, 95% CI -447, 51, P= 0·12), but this was not found statistically significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Perinatal outcome among fasting and non fasting mothers during the month of Ramadan

et al. 2018

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Objective:To compare the perinatal outcome among fasting and non fasting pregnant mothers.Methods:A total of 180 women, who came for delivery in the labor suite were included, after verbal informed consent. These women were divided in two groups fasting (n=100), and non-fasting (n=80).Results:The mean age of the mothers was 27.16±4.27 years in the fasting group and 27.36±4.92 years in non-fasting group. The average BMI of mothers was 25.31±3.26 kg/m2in fasting group while 25.64±3.58 kg/m2in non-fasting group. Perinatal outcomes, the birth weight, head circumference and mid arm circumference were almost similar between the two groups. Weight of placenta was 537.80±80.01g in fasting group while 540.50±84.29 g in non-fasting group and height of baby was 45.79±3.07 cm in fasting group while 46.61±2.92 cm in non-fasting group. In fasting group, placenta weight was 531.5±92.80 g in boys while 544.8±62.79 g in girls and ratio of placental to birth weight was 18.8±2.28 in boys while 19.4±2.70 in girls.Conclusion:Maternal fasting affects placental weight and length of baby, with effect more pronounced in male babies.

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Ramadan fasting and pregnancy: implications for fetal development in summer season

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

The Influence of Fasting in Summer on Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy

The Influence of Fasting in Summer on Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy

The effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Perinatal outcome among fasting and non fasting mothers during the month of Ramadan

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