Raloxifene and estradiol benzoate both fully restore hippocampal choline acetyltransferase activity in ovariectomized rats

Wu, Xin; Glinn, Michele; Ostrowski, Nancy L.; Su, Yuan; Ni, Binhui; Cole, Harlan W.; Bryant, Henry U.; Paul, Steven M.

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02062-4

Cited by 104 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The degeneration of the cholinergic innervation from the basal forebrain to the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe is thought to be one of the factors to determine the progression of memory decay, both during normal aging and Alzheimer's diseases (Wu et al, 1999). The best available marker for cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain is ChAT activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Puerariae Flos on Stress-induced Deficits of Learning and Memory in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Park

Han

Yoon³

et al. 2009

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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Puerariae flos (PF) is a traditional oriental medicinal plant and has clinically been prescribed for a long time. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of PF on repeated stress-induced alterations of learning and memory on a Morris water maze (MW M) test in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. The changes in the reactivity of the cholinergic system were assessed by measuring the immunoreactive neurons of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus after behavioral testing. The female rats were randomly divided into four groups: the nonoperated and nonstressed group (normal), the sham-operated and stressed group (control), the ovariectomized and stressed group (OS), and the ovariectomized, stressed and PF treated group (OSF). Rats were exposed to immobilization stress (IMO) for 14 d (2 h/d), and PF (400 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 30 min before IMO stress. Results showed that treatments with PF caused significant reversals of the stress-induced deficits in learning and memory on a spatial memory task, and also increased the ChAT immunoreactivities. In conclusion, administration of PF improved spatial learning and memory in OVX rats, and PF may be useful for the treatment of postmenopausal-related dementia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Puerariae Flos on Stress-induced Deficits of Learning and Memory in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Park

Han

Yoon³

et al. 2009

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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“…The penetration of raloxifene in blood-brain protected regions is low and may render the detection of any cognitive effects difficult at the dosage currently used in practice (Wu et al 1999). However, Wu et al (1999) reported that systemic administrations of raloxifene reversed the ovariectomyinduced reduction in choline acetyltransferase activity in the hippocampus of rats.…”

Section: Nmda Receptors Mrna Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen-like Activity of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene on NMDA Receptor Binding and Expression of its Subunits in Rat Brain

Cyr

Thibault

Morissette

et al. 2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

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Hormonal specificity of modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors was investigated by comparing the effects of estradiol with tamoxifen or raloxifene, which display different responses in breast, bone, and uterus. Two weeks ovariectomy in rats decreasedIt has been shown that the female sex steroid estradiol exerts profound effects on neuronal differentiation during development (Toran-Allerand et al. 1983) and recently, accumulating evidence support also a modulatory role of estrogens in the normal maintenance of brain function during aging (Simpkins et al. 1994). Beneficial effects of estradiol in mood disorders (i.e., depression, pre-menstrual syndrome, post-natal depression), as well as mental diseases, such as schizophrenia and Gille de la Tourette's syndrome, have been reported (Di Paolo 1994;Fink et al. 1998). Moreover, a beneficial role of estradiol in neurodegenerative disFrom the Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, Laval University Medical Center, (CHUL), and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada, G1V 4G2.Address correspondence to: Dr. Thérèse Di Paolo, Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, Laval University Medical Center, CHUQ, 2705, Laurier Boulevard, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2.Received July 5, 2000; revised December 20, 2000; accepted January 3, 2001. N EUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2001 -VOL . 25 , NO . 2 SERMs Modulate NMDA Receptors 243 eases, such as Alzheimer has been recently suggested (Tang et al. 1996;Henderson 1997;Inestrosa et al. 1998). However, the mechanisms by which these effects of estrogens are yet to be fully characterized. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor, have been implicated, as mediators, in some effects of estradiol on morphological plasticity and related physiological and cognitive processes in the brain (Moriyoshi et al. 1991). However, only few studies have directly investigated the role of estradiol in regulating NMDA receptors in rat and, in addition, these studies have focused on the effects of estradiol on hippocampal NMDA receptors (Woolley and McEwen 1992;Gazzaley et al. 1996;Woolley et al. 1997). We have recently investigated the effects of estradiol on the NMDA receptors agonist sites in brain regions implicated in mental disorders, such as frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens (Cyr et al. 2000a). Our experiments showed that ovariectomy, as well as estradiol have regional specific effects since, for example, ovariectomy decreases NMDA receptor specific binding in hippocampal CA1 and dentate gyrus regions, whereas it has no effect in frontal cortex. In contrast, estradiol increases NMDA specific binding in the hippocampal CA1 and the dentate gyrus, but it decreases this binding in the frontal cortex (Cyr et al. 2000a).The present study sought to determine whether changes observed previously at the protein level after hormonal withdrawal due to ovariectomy or after estradiol treatment reflect changes at the level of gene transcription...

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“…However, both raloxifene and LY alone or in combination with oestradiol have been reported to modify several neurotransmitter systems in blood-brain barrier-protected areas of the brain in rats. Raloxifene acts as an oestrogen agonist by increasing choline acetyltransferase activity in the hippocampus and other areas of the brain (Wu et al, 1999). These data indicate that raloxifene crosses the rodent blood-brain barrier to elicit effects within the hippocampus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Effect of treatment with the selective oestrogen receptor modulator LY117018-HCl on pituitary sensitivity to GnRH and subsequent ovulation

Hernández

Hernandez-Jimenez²,

Guelmes³

et al. 2003

Reproduction

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Raloxifene and estradiol benzoate both fully restore hippocampal choline acetyltransferase activity in ovariectomized rats

Cited by 104 publications

References 38 publications

The Effects of Puerariae Flos on Stress-induced Deficits of Learning and Memory in Ovariectomized Female Rats

The Effects of Puerariae Flos on Stress-induced Deficits of Learning and Memory in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Estrogen-like Activity of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene on NMDA Receptor Binding and Expression of its Subunits in Rat Brain

Effect of treatment with the selective oestrogen receptor modulator LY117018-HCl on pituitary sensitivity to GnRH and subsequent ovulation

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