Rainfall-Induced Landslide Thresholds Development by Considering Different Rainfall Parameters: A Review

Abstract

This paper reviews the development of landslide thresholds from the perspective of rainfall and climate patterns. For certain, geology, morphology, lithology, etc., contribute to the initiation of the mass movement. However, the role of rainfall as the triggering mechanism of the landslide is vital as well. It has been proven by many researchers from various studies worldwide that have proposed the rainfall thresholds by utilising different rainfall parameters. The outcome of their studies is interesting, since different regions have diversified patterns of rainfall that produce a variety of threshold models. Therefore, from various published papers on rainfall thresholds, this paper studied the variety of rainfall parameters that have been utilised in establishing the rainfall threshold for landslide prediction. Instead of providing a better understanding regarding the application, this review aimed to cultivate the following study for deriving rigorous parameters for the purpose of sustainable findings.

The Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Possible Influencing Factors of Landslide Disasters in the Zhaotong Area, Yunnan Province of China

“…The effect of rainfall on landslides is similar to the distance to rivers, i.e., an increase in soil moisture content, leading to an increase in soil pore pressure and a decrease in soil shear strength. When the pore pressure exceeds the soil's shear strength, shear failure occurs and a landslide occurs [24]. The relationship between landslides and rainfall is shown The effect of rainfall on landslides is similar to the distance to rivers, i.e., an increase in soil moisture content, leading to an increase in soil pore pressure and a decrease in soil shear strength.…”

“…The relationship between landslides and rainfall is shown The effect of rainfall on landslides is similar to the distance to rivers, i.e., an increase in soil moisture content, leading to an increase in soil pore pressure and a decrease in soil shear strength. When the pore pressure exceeds the soil's shear strength, shear failure occurs and a landslide occurs [24]. The relationship between landslides and rainfall is shown in Figure 10, and the results indicate that the highest number of landslides occur with rainfall ranging from 700 to 800 mm and 800 to 900 mm, at 82 and 54, respectively, accounting for 84.47% of all landslides.…”

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Landslide Investigation and Monitoring: A Review

“…Landslides, characterized by the flow of rock, earth, or debris down slopes [9,10], can be triggered by various external factors, including intense rainfall [11][12][13][14], fluctuating water levels [15][16][17][18], stream erosion [19,20], changes in groundwater [21,22], earthquakes [23][24][25][26], and volcanic activity [27]. Annually, these natural hazards result in extensive property damage, incurring substantial direct and indirect costs [7,28].…”

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Rainfall Thresholds of Geological Landslide Disasters in ASEAN Countries

“…In Peninsular Malaysia, researchers formulated two separate rainfall threshold curves based on average and peak rainfall intensities [16]. Despite these advancements, empirical rainfall thresholds remain susceptible to the limitations of historical data and regional specificity, which often necessitate recalibration of the I-D threshold models using local rainfall and landslide occurrences [10,17].…”