Rainfall induced debris flows in pyroclastic deposits, Campania (southern Italy)

Fiorillo, Francesco; Wilson, Raymond C.

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2004.06.014

Cited by 140 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…ln this area, shallow landslides of the flow type have been systematically recorded for many centuries Cascini et al zooo;Guadagno et al zoos) and a very destructive event occurred on 4-5 May 1998. Particularly, at Pizzo d'Alvano massif (6o km"), heavy rainfall triggered tens of catastrophic landslides of the flow type (Cascini et al 2ooo;Fiorillo and Wilson 2004), thus causing 159 fatalities and relevant damage to properties. For these landslides, six different triggering mechanisms are recognised by Cascini et al (2oo8a;Cuomo 2006), among which two different mechanisms for debris avalanches: (1) the mechanism M2a, related to karst springs from the bedrock, and (2) the mechanism M2b, associated to the impact of failed soil masses on stable deposits.…”

Section: Case Study the May 1998 Sarno-quindici Debris Avalanchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Debris avalanches are complex phenomena due to the variety of mechanisms that control the failure stage and the avalanche formation. Regarding these issues, in the literature, ei ther field evidence or qualitative interpretations can be found while few experimental laboratory tests and rare examples of geomechanical modelling are available for technical and/or scientific purposes. As a contribution to the topic, the paper firstly highlights as the problem can be analysed referring to a unique mathematical framework from which different modelling approaches can be derived based on limit equilibrium method (LEM), finite element method (FEM), or smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Potentialities and limitations of these approaches are then tested for a large study area where huge debris avalanches affected shallow deposits of pyroclastic soils (Sarno-Quindici, Southern Italy). The numerical results show that LEM as well as uncoupl ed and coupled stress-strain FEM analyses are able to individuate the major triggering mechanisms. On the other hand, coupled SPH analyses outline the relevance of erosion phenomena, which can modify the kinematic features of debris ava lanches in their source areas, i.e. velocity, propagation patterns and later spreading of the unstable mass. As a whole, the obtained results encourage the application of the introduced approaches to further analyse real cases in order to enhance the current capability to forecast the inception of tl1ese dangerous phenomena.

show abstract

Section: Case Study the May 1998 Sarno-quindici Debris Avalanchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An accumulation of deposits on the foot slopes of the Sarno and Lattari Mountains results from initially deposited volcanic material that was eroded by mountain streams or lahars, for example after intense rainfall events (Lirer et al 2001;Fiorillo & Wilson 2004). Accordingly, the mountain slopes from where this material was eroded show relatively thin post-AD 79 deposits.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revised modelling of the post-AD 79 volcanic deposits of Somma-Vesuvius to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain (Italy)

Vogel¹,

Maerker²,

Seiler³

2011

Geologica Carpathica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In this study the methodology proposed by Vogel & Märker (2010) to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography and paleo-environmental features of the Sarno River plain (Italy) was considerably revised and improved. The methodology is based on an extensive dataset of stratigraphical information from the entire Sarno River plain, a high-resolution present-day digital elevation model (DEM) and a classification and regression tree approach. The dataset was re-evaluated and 32 additional stratigraphical drillings were collected in areas that were not or insufficiently covered by previous stratigraphic data. Altogether, an assemblage of 1,840 drillings, containing information about the depth from the present-day surface to the pre-AD 79 paleo-surface (thickness of post-AD 79 deposits) and the character of the pre-AD 79 paleo-layer of the Sarno River plain was utilized. Moreover, an improved preprocessing of the input parameters attained a distinct progress in model performance in comparison to the previous model of Vogel & Märker (2010). Subsequently, a spatial model of the post-AD 79 deposits was generated. The modelled deposits were then used to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain. Moreover, paleo-environmental and paleo-geomorphological features such as the paleo-coastline, the paleo-Sarno River and its floodplain, alluvial fans near the Tyrrhenian coast as well as abrasion terraces of historical and protohistorical coastlines were identified. This reconstruction represents a qualitative improvement of the previous work by Vogel & Märker (2010).

show abstract

“…Even if the effect of storms in the field (floods and landslides) strongly depends on the previous wet conditions of the soil that is on the antecedent rainfall [36], the power of storms appear useful to be expressed in term of the Z value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of a Storm Map and New Approach in the Definition of Categories of the Extreme Rainfall, Northeastern Sicily

Fiorillo

Diodato²,

Meo³

2016

Water

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:After more than 350 mm of rainfall fell in a few hours on 22 November 2011, thousands of landslides and floods were induced in two main zones of Northeastern Sicily. The total rainfall has been reconstructed integrating available rain gauge data with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration); the landslide distribution in the field has confirmed the pattern of rainfall accumulated on 22 November 2011. Precipitation maxima of 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h was recognized as the hazardous events, which marks the evidence of a changing climate, with a shift toward more intense rainfalls in recent times. To investigate the sequence of the annual maxima, the historical time series have been transformed in the Standard normal distribution, from the cumulative probability of the GEV (Generalized Extreme Value) distribution. Following a similar definition of the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), the transformation of the historical data in the standardized values allows the definition of categories of hourly maxima in term of extreme, severe, moderate, or mild. This transformation allows to eliminate the asymmetry of the time series, so that trends and fluctuations have been highlighted by the progressive accumulation of data (Rescaled Adjust Partial Sum). This statistical approach allows the improvement of the interpretability of the hydrological extreme events, and could also be used in other cases.

show abstract

Rainfall induced debris flows in pyroclastic deposits, Campania (southern Italy)

Cited by 140 publications

References 26 publications

Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling

Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling

Revised modelling of the post-AD 79 volcanic deposits of Somma-Vesuvius to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain (Italy)

Reconstruction of a Storm Map and New Approach in the Definition of Categories of the Extreme Rainfall, Northeastern Sicily

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About