Rain attenuation statistics over a terrestrial link at 32.6 GHz at Malaysia

Mandeep, J. S.

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2008.0186

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Understanding of PIA, as well as SA, with the variabilities in rain is lacking for different parts of the world owing to the lack of observations. It has been pointed by many researchers that most accepted ITU-R model performs poorly in the equatorial climate (Mandeep, 2009;Yusuf et al, 2016). There are extensive theoretical and experimental studies on attenuation of microwave signal (Ajewole et al, 1999;Dias et al, 2018;Ippolito, 1989;Liebe, 1989;Odedina & Afullo, 2010;Olsen et al, 1978;Panchal & Joshi, 2016;Shrestha & Choi, 2016;Yeo et al, 2001), however, limited studies on the characterization of Ka-band attenuation over the Indian subcontinent (Maitra, 2004;Panchal & Joshi, 2016;Panigrahi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of GSAT‐14 Satellite Ka‐Band Microwave Signal Attenuation Due to Precipitation Over a Tropical Coastal Station in the Southern Peninsular Region of the Indian Subcontinent

et al. 2020

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This paper focuses on study of attenuation of microwave propagation at Ka‐band frequencies due to precipitation over an Indian Tropical station, Thiruvananthapuram (8.5°N, 76.8°E). The station is located on the gateway of S‐W Indian monsoon into the subcontinent characterized with prolonged rain for a period of about 9 months. A satellite link has been established at Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram, between Ka‐band receiver operating at 20.2 and 30.5 GHz and GSAT‐14 as part of Indian Space Research Organization's Ka‐band propagation experiment. The concurrent measurements of Ka‐band signals and the precipitation, using a collocated laser precipitation monitor instrument, were carried out during the entire period of Indian monsoon. The study focuses on quantifying the dependence of Ka‐band attenuation on rain rate during the rain‐dominated premonsoon and summer monsoon seasons. The observed attenuation has been evaluated with ITU model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of GSAT‐14 Satellite Ka‐Band Microwave Signal Attenuation Due to Precipitation Over a Tropical Coastal Station in the Southern Peninsular Region of the Indian Subcontinent

et al. 2020

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“…This results in higher equivalent path length compared to the physical path length. That of Lin model is due overestimation of path reduction [5] , [9]. The significance of Figure 5 and Table V can be demonstrated as follows: The ITU-R specifies the availability of 99.99% (i.e, 0.01 % of the time in an average year) for commercial operators.…”

Section: B Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 95%

Statistical Evaluation of Measured Rain Attenuation in Tropical Climate and Comparison with Prediction Models

Yusuf

Falade

Olufeagba

et al. 2016

J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl.

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Abstract-Substantial modifications have been made to the expressions for calculating distance factor and extrapolation techniques in the latest ITU-R P.530-14. However, its performance has not been rigorously evaluated in the tropical and equatorial climates. In this article, the new ITU-R method and three prediction models are validated using measurement data from tropical Malaysian climate. The data were collected on six geographically spread terrestrial microwave DIGI MINI-LINKs operating at 15 GHz. When tested against measurements, the Da Silva Mello model yields a significant improvement for the prediction of rain attenuation distributions. The prediction errors observed in the ITU-R model suggest the need for more data campaign in the afore-mentioned climates. I. INTRODUCTIONTraditionally frequencies above 10 GHz are commonly employed in the current microwave point-topoint networks, due to large bandwidth and freedom from traffic congestion. However, in these frequency bands, the performance of the fixed service (FS) is predominantly controlled by rain in 2012; however, its performance has not been largely evaluated using data collected from tropical climates. Therefore, the main aim of this article is to evaluate the performance of the newly released ITU-R model and the three afore-mentioned models, using measurement data from six locations in a tropical climate. The data used are the rain rate and rain attenuation data banks available from six geographically spread terrestrial microwave DIGI MINI-LINKs operating at 15 GHz as described in[13]. It should be mentioned here that the ITU-R P.530-14 was not yet in force when our previous works were reported. II. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF RAIN ATTENUATION PREDICTION MODELSRain attenuation can be conveniently defined as the product of specific attenuation (dB/km) corresponding to the point rain rate (typically measured at one end of the link) and the effective propagation path length (km) [1]. The path correction factor is defined as the ratio of effective path length to the physical path length of a microwave link, and its value is usually less than unity, except in rear cases [14].The concept of effective path length is thus a way of 'averaging out' the spatial inhomegeneity of rain rate and thus specific attenuation [15]. Note that the degree of spatial inhomogeneity in rain rate generally varies with rainfall intensity. Therefore the variation of path length reduction factor can be expressed as a function of rain rate or the corresponding time exceedance [16].Attenuation p A exceeded at p % of time can either be obtained from direct measurements, or predicted from the knowledge of long-term rainfall rate. Generally, the required inputs in most attenuation prediction models for terrestrial point-to-point microwave links are the rainfall rate exceeded at p % of time, the effective propagation path length and the link's operating frequency [7], [16]. Thus p

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“…Abdulrahman proposed a prediction model which exhibited the overall best performance, and the da Silva Mello model seems to be the second preferable model [12]. Furthermore, performances of these models are analyzed in [13][14][15] which studied the suitable model for the prediction of rain attenuation in terrestrial links. Moupfouma [10] and Abdulrahman's [11] models are affected by use of the rainfall rate at 0.01% of the time with a 1-minute integration time, averaged over a period of three years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain Attenuation Study over an 18 GHz Terrestrial Microwave Link in South Korea

Shrestha

Choi

2019

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Absorption of microwave radio frequency signal by atmospheric rain and losses is prevalent at frequencies above 5 GHz. The functioning frequencies of 18 GHz are taken for the point-to-point microwave link system. This paper presents studies on rain attenuation at 18 GHz, which specifies minimum performance parameters for terrestrial fixed service digital radio communication equipment. It presents a 3.2 km experimental link at 18 GHz between Khumdang (Korea Telecom, KT station) and Icheon (National Radio Research Agency, RRA station). The received signal data for rain attenuation and the rain rate were collected at 10-second intervals over three year’s periods from 2013 to 2015. During the observation period, rain rates of about 50 mm/hr and attenuation values of 33.38 dB and 21.88 dB occurred for 0.01% of the time for horizontal and vertical polarization. This paper highlights the discussion and comparison of ITU-R P.530-16, Moupfouma, Silva Mello, and Abdulrahman models and proposed an attenuation prediction approach where it presents the relationship between theoretical specific rain attenuation as specified by ITU-R P.838-3, γ%p, and effective specific rain attenuation, γeff. Additionally, it studies 1-minute rain rates derived from higher time integration of 5-minute, 10-minute, 20-minute, 30-minute, and 60-minute instances which are obtained from experimental 1-minute rainfall amounts that are maintained by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). The effectiveness of the proposed approach is further analyzed for 38 and 75 GHz links which shows better prediction capability. Particularly, in an 18 GHz link under horizontal polarization, ITU-R P. 530-16 shows the relative error margin of 71%, 60%, and 38% where as 64%, 49%, and 42% were obtained under vertical polarization for 0.1%, 0.01%, and 0.001% of the time, respectively. The limitation of research lies on the experimental system that is set up in only one location; however, the preliminary results indicate the application of a suitable 1-minute rain attenuation model for a specific site. The method provides useful information for microwave engineers and researchers in making decisions over the choice of the most suitable rain attenuation prediction for terrestrial links operating in the South Korea region, particularly for lower frequency ranges.

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Rain attenuation statistics over a terrestrial link at 32.6 GHz at Malaysia

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Characterization of GSAT‐14 Satellite Ka‐Band Microwave Signal Attenuation Due to Precipitation Over a Tropical Coastal Station in the Southern Peninsular Region of the Indian Subcontinent

Characterization of GSAT‐14 Satellite Ka‐Band Microwave Signal Attenuation Due to Precipitation Over a Tropical Coastal Station in the Southern Peninsular Region of the Indian Subcontinent

Statistical Evaluation of Measured Rain Attenuation in Tropical Climate and Comparison with Prediction Models

Rain Attenuation Study over an 18 GHz Terrestrial Microwave Link in South Korea

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