Rain attenuation in broadband satellite service and worst month analysis

Abstract

<span>Satellite link design, link margin and services at lower bands of satellite spectrum has been facing the challenges of meeting the demands for higher bandwidth requirements. Satellite operators and service providers are been compelled to migrate to the use of higher frequencies above 10 GHz. These higher frequencies were discovered to be vulnerable to atmospheric degradation creating the challenge of service availability especially for tropical rain zones with higher rainfall intensities and longer rain event durations. This study strive to evaluate the profile of rainfall and the monthly and annual variability to improve the design parameters of satellite propagation. Two yeas rainfall measurement campaign was conducted in Abuja at Nigcomsat-1R ground station with a view to understanding the characteristics of Abuja rain. The location of the site is on lat. 9.06o N and lon. 7.48o E. Tipping bucket rain gauge was used for point rain rate and 1.8 m VSAT antenna was installed to monitor the rain induced attenuation on satellite broadband signal. The results shows a huge variability between month to month as well as annual average between 2016 and 2017. The performance of broadband satellite service was found to largely to depend on the quality of the carrier power above the system noise rather than bandwidth capacity or the receive signal level while higher attenuations are associated with higher rain intensities and the slant path effects.</span>

Estimation of satellite link’s fade margin using non-meteorological technique and worst month analysis

“…The worst month statistic is determined by choosing the worst at the occurrence level computed during 12 sequential months. Comparing each monthly CDF at a particular level is recognized as the worst month [5], [23], [24]. In this paper, at probability exceeding 0.1% and 0.01% of the time outage percentage, January and May 2016 are the worst months for the year 2016 of Ku-band fading and March 2016 is the worst month for the year 2016 of Ka-band fading.…”

“…The worst-month analysis is very useful to design satellite-to-Earth because the required fade margin must be contented in any given month throughout the year. Therefore, performing analysis for the worst month data is crucial for telecommunication system designers [23]- [26]. The worst month statistic is determined by choosing the worst at the occurrence level computed during 12 sequential months.…”

Link-state QoS routing protocol under various mobility models

“…It is composed essentially in Java and can be utilized as a part of different languages also, including C, C++, COBOL, Python, Perl, PHP, and others. We utilized module Eclipse CDT for C/C++ codes, since ns-3 executed in C++ [22][23][24][25].…”