RadSensor: x-ray detection by direct modulation of an optical probe beam

Lowry, Mark; Bennett, C.V.; Vernon, S. P.; Bond, Tiziana C.; Welty, R.J.; Behymer, Elaine; Petersen, H.E.; Krey, Adam; Stewart, Richard E.; Kobayashi, Nobuhiko P.; Sperry, V.; Stephan, Peter; Reinhardt, C. E.; Simpson, Sean; Stratton, Paul; Bionta, R.; McKernan, M. A.; Ables, E.; Ott, L.; Bond, Steven W.; Ayers, J.; Landen, O. L.; Bell, P. M.

doi:10.1117/12.509747

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The high spectral brightness and native time structure of the SPEAR storage ring at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory made it a nearly ideal source for the initial experiments. Measurements were performed on beamline 6.3 using quasi-monochromatic x-radiation at 8.9 keV beam energy 6 .…”

Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Radiation Detection by Modulation of an Optical Probe Beam

Vernon¹,

Lowry²

2006

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We describe a new class of radiation sensor that utilizes optical interferometry to measure radiation-induced changes in the optical refractive index of a semiconductor sensor medium. Radiation absorption in the sensor material produces a transient, non-equilibrium, electron-hole pair distribution that locally modifies the complex, optical refractive index of the sensor medium. Changes in the real (imaginary) part of the local refractive index produce a differential phase shift (absorption) of an optical probe used to interrogate the sensor material. In contrast to conventional radiation detectors where signal levels are proportional to the incident energy, signal levels in these optical sensors are proportional to the incident radiation energy flux. This allows for reduction of the sensor form factor with no degradation in detection sensitivity. Furthermore, since the radiation induced, non-equilibrium electron-hole pair distribution is effectively measured "in place" there is no requirement to spatially separate and collect the generated charges; consequently, the sensor risetime is of the order of the hot-electron thermalization time ≤ 10 fs and the duration of the index perturbation is determined by the carrier recombination time which is of order ~ 600 fs in, direct-bandgap semiconductors, with a high density of recombination defects; consequently, the optical sensors can be engineered with sub-ps temporal response. A series of detectors were designed, and incorporated into Mach Zehnder and Fabry-Perot interferometer-based detection systems: proof of concept, lower detection sensitivity, Mach-Zehnder detectors were characterized at beamline 6.3 at SSRL; three generations of high sensitivity single element and imaging Fabry-Perot detectors were measured at the LLNL Europa facility. Our results indicate that this technology can be used to provide xray detectors and xray imaging systems with single xray sensitivity and S/N ~ 30 at xray energies ~ 10 keV.

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Section: Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Radiation Detection by Modulation of an Optical Probe Beam

Vernon¹,

Lowry²

2006

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“…Phase sensitive recording can be achieved through heterodyning and direct spectrogram recording can be achieved by inserting a grating prior to the camera. Finally, the use of rad-optic conversion schemes [7] allows for the transcoding of ultrafast x-ray transients onto an optical carrier for subsequent recording in a SLIDER device. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Optical Beam Deflection in a GaAs Planar Waveguide by a Transient, Optically-Induced Prism Array

Sarantos

Heebner

2008

Integrated Photonics and Nanophotonics Research and Applications

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“…Phase sensitive recording can be achieved through heterodyning and spectrogram recording can be achieved by inserting a grating prior to the camera. Finally, the use of rad-optic conversion schemes [6] allows for the transcoding of ultrafast x-ray transients onto an optical carrier for subsequent recording in a SLIDER device.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%