Radon removal from gaseous xenon with activated charcoal

Abe, K.; Hieda, Kotaro; Hiraide, K.; Hirano, Shingo; Kishimoto, Y.; Kobayashi, Ken-ichi; Koshio, Y.; Liu, J.; Martens, K.; Moriyama, S.; Nakahata, M.; Nishiie, H.; Ogawa, Hiroshi; Sekiya, H.; Shinozaki, Ayako; Suzuki, Y.; Takachio, O.; Takeda, Atsushi; Ueshima, K.; Umemoto, D.; Yamashita, M.; Hosokawa, K.; Murata, Akiko; Ōtsuka, Kanji; Takeuchi, Y.; Kusaba, F.; Motoki, D.; Nishijima, K.; Tasaka, S.; Fujii, Keiko; Murayama, I.; Nakamura, Shōgo; Fukuda, Y.; Itow, Y.; Masuda, K.; Nishitani, Y.; Takiya, H.; Uchida, Hirohisa; Kim, Y. D.; Kim, Y. H.; Lee, K. B.; Lee, M. K.; Lee, J. S.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.09.051

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Activated charcoal efficiently absorbs various impurities [55] and is widely used to trap Rn from several gases [14,40,50,[56][57][58][59]. It has 100% trapping efficiency below −60 • C and the trapped Rn can be removed with 100% efficiency when heated to +120 • C [60].…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methods For Radon-concentration Measu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the radon concentration in purified water in the Super-Kamiokande IV detector

Nakano,

Hokama,

Matsubara

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The radioactive noble gas radon (Rn) can be a serious background to underground particle physics experiments studying phenomena that deposit energy comparable to its decay products. Low energy solar neutrino measurements at Super-Kamiokande suffer from these backgrounds and therefore require precise characterization of the Rn concentration in the detector's ultra-pure water. To this end, we have developed a measurement system consisting of a Rn extraction column, an activated charcoal trap, and a Rn detector. In this article, we discuss the design, calibration, and performance of the Rn extraction column. We also describe the design of the measurement system and evaluate its performance, including its background. Using this system we measured the Rn concentration in Super-Kamiokande's water during the period May 2014 to October 2015. The measured Rn concentration in the supply (return) lines of the water circulation system and found 1.62 ± 0.15 mBq/m 3 (9.06 ± 0.63 mBq/m 3 ). Water sampled from the center (bottom) region of the detector itself had a concentration of < 0.14 mBq/m 3 (95% C.L.) (2.44 ± 0.24 mBq/m 3 ).

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Section: Experimental Setup and Methods For Radon-concentration Measu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the radon concentration in purified water in the Super-Kamiokande IV detector

Nakano,

Hokama,

Matsubara

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Rn emanation from material within the detector is especially problematic for Xebased experiments, due to a γ line from 214 Bi at 2448 keV, very close to the 136 Xe Q ββ . Continuous Xe purification has been demonstrated via adsorption on activated charcoals (Abe et al, 2012a) or cryogenic distillation (Aprile et al, 2017). Similarly, Rn suppression by ≥ 3 orders of magnitude was also demonstrated via distillation on n-dodecane, a common admixture in liquid scintillator (Keefer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Elements In the Actinide Decay Chainsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Toward the discovery of matter creation with neutrinoless double-beta decay

Agostini¹,

Benato²,

Detwiler³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay could soon be within reach. This hypothetical ultra-rare nuclear decay is a portal to new physics beyond the Standard Model. Its observation would constitute the discovery of a matter-creating process, corroborating leading theories of why the universe contains more matter than antimatter, and how the forces unify at high energy scales. It would also prove that neutrinos and antineutrinos are not two distinct particles, but can transform into each other, generating their own mass in the process. The recognition that neutrinos are not massless necessitates an explanation and has boosted interest in neutrinoless double-beta decay. The field is now at a turning point. A new round of experiments is currently being prepared for the next decade to cover an important region of parameter space. Advancements in nuclear theory are laying the groundwork to connect the nuclear decay with the underlying new physics. Meanwhile, the particle theory landscape continues to find new motivations for neutrinos to be their own antiparticle. This review brings together the experimental, nuclear theory, and particle theory aspects connected to neutrinoless double-beta decay, to explore the path toward -and beyond -its discovery.

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“…The ends of the cables where they meet the feedthroughs to lab space, however, are at room temperature and still produce radon at a higher rate. In order to mitigate this source of radon, LZ will employ a cooled-carbon trap, similar to [10]. While it is impractical to use such a trap to filter out the full recirculation of xenon (planned at 500 slpm), LZ is developing a device capable of removing 90% of the radon from a modest flow of only 1 slpm xenon [6].…”

Section: Mitigation Of Radon Sources In Lzmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraining radon backgrounds in LZ

Miller

Busenitz

Edberg

et al. 2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The LZ dark matter detector, like many other rare-event searches, will suffer from backgrounds due to the radioactive decay of radon daughters. In order to achieve its science goals, the concentration of radon within the xenon should not exceed 2 µBq/kg, or 20 mBq total within its 10 tonnes. The LZ collaboration is in the midst of a program to screen all significant components in contact with the xenon. The four institutions involved in this effort have begun sharing two cross-calibration sources to ensure consistent measurement results across multiple distinct devices. We present here five preliminary screening results, some mitigation strategies that will reduce the amount of radon produced by the most problematic components, and a summary of the current estimate of radon emanation throughout the detector. This best estimate totals < 17.3 mBq, sufficiently low to meet the detector's science goals.

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Radon removal from gaseous xenon with activated charcoal

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Measurement of the radon concentration in purified water in the Super-Kamiokande IV detector

Measurement of the radon concentration in purified water in the Super-Kamiokande IV detector

Toward the discovery of matter creation with neutrinoless double-beta decay

Constraining radon backgrounds in LZ

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