Radon isotopes and daughters in the atmosphere

Abstract

In the maritime atmosphere near the land, natural radon and its daughters dispersed from land to over ocean are found gradually to attain their radioactive equilibrium with time lapse after they left land sources. Radioactive equilibrium is found to be established at the distance 100*150km from the land, at least in winter season. Farther off from the distance about 150km from the land, radioactive equilibrium will get deviation mode from their equilibrium state.

Relationship between variations of 7Be, 210Pb and 212Pb concentrations and sub-regional atmospheric transport: Simultaneous observation at distant locations

“…Here, the formula implies that 212 Pb emanates from the ground surface into the atmosphere at the emanation rate E, because half-lives of 220 Rn and 216 Po are negligibly short. The emanation rate of E ¼ 400 was tentatively used; this value was obtained by averaging the values for soils from different parts of the world as given by Schumann (1972), although E changes greatly depending on many factors such as type of rock or soil, the water content and temperature of the ground surface, atmospheric pressure, etc. In addition, x ¼ 800 was set since the long axis (southwest-northeast axis) of Hegura Island is 1.5 km and the observation point was located nearly at the center.…”

Low-Latitude Atmosphere-Ionosphere Effects Initiated by Strong Earthquakes Preparation Process

“…Because of the novelty of this conception there no earthquake-related measurements of radon over oceans, but there are plenty of publications reporting its abundance over the ocean surface. As to the author's knowledge the first communication on the radon over the ocean surface was made by Broecker during the Symposium held in Lamont Geological Observatory (USA) in 1964 [41] This question was considered in the review paper [42] where one can find more references on…”

Transport of crustal microparticles from Chilean Patagonia to the Antarctic Peninsula by SEM-EDS analysis

“…The successful use of 222 Rn to describe the apportionment of air masses to the Antarctic is possible owing to its half-life (3.82 days), which is comparable to most tropospheric transport scales, to the development of highresolution, low-background real-time radon measurement techniques, to synoptic-scale air mass trajectory analysis (Chiminello et al 2000) and to the development of validated numerical models (Jacob et al 1997). During the last decades, 222 Rn has been widely used in the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions as an atmospheric tracer of land continental air masses (Lambert et al 1970;Schumann, 1972;Polian et al 1986;Balkanski and Jacob, 1990). The reported radon production by the ocean surface, and the low emanation power of the ice-free areas in the South Shetlands/Antarctic Peninsula during austral summers, rule out these areas as important sources of radon (Evangelista and Pereira, 2002).…”