Radon exposure and lung cancer risk — Czech cohort study on residential radon

Tomášek, Ladislav; Kunz, E; Müller, T.; Hůlka, Jiřı́; Heribanová, A; Matzner, Jan; Placek, V.; Burian, I.; Holecek, J.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00663-5

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A pooled RR of 1.06 (95% CI 1.01-1.10) has been calculated for individuals exposed at 100 Bq/m 3 vs unexposed (Darby et al, 2001), which is in agreement with the extrapolation from the results of occupationally exposed populations. Results of studies reported after these pooled analyses confirm these conclusions (Pisa et al, 2001;Tomasek et al, 2001;Barros-Dios et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2002).…”

Section: Cancer Risk From Exposure To Environmental Tobacco Smokesupporting

confidence: 55%

Epidemiology of environmental and occupational cancer

Boffetta

2004

Oncogene

122

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Environmental carcinogens, in a strict sense, include outdoor and indoor air pollutants, as well as soil and drinking water contaminants. An increased risk of mesothelioma has consistently been detected among individuals experiencing residential exposure to asbestos, while results for lung cancer are less consistent. Several good-quality studies have investigated lung cancer risk from outdoor air pollution based on measurement of specific agents. Their results tend to show an increased risk in the categories at highest exposure, with relative risks in the range 1.5. A causal association has been established between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer, with a relative risk in the order of 1.2. Radon is another carcinogen present in indoor air, with a relative risk in the order of 1.06 for exposure at 100 Bq/m 3 . In several Asian populations, an increased risk of lung cancer results among women from indoor pollution from cooking and heating. There is strong evidence of an increased risk of bladder, skin and lung cancers following consumption of water with high arsenic contamination; results for other drinking water contaminants, including chlorination by-products, are inconclusive. A total of 29 occupational agents are established human carcinogens, and another 30 agents are suspected carcinogens. In addition, at least 12 exposure circumstances entail exposure to carcinogens. Exposure is still widespread for many important occupational carcinogens, such as asbestos, coal tar, arsenic and silica, in particular in developing countries. Although estimates of the global burden of occupational and environmental cancer result in figures in the order of 2% and less than 1%, respectively, these cancers concentrate in subgroups of the population; furthermore, exposure is involuntary and can, to a large extent, be avoided.

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Section: Cancer Risk From Exposure To Environmental Tobacco Smokesupporting

confidence: 55%

Epidemiology of environmental and occupational cancer

Boffetta

2004

Oncogene

122

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“…Because of the scattering of points, one can use the assumption-free Bayesian approach as described by Dobrzyński (2009, 2010). (Wang et al 2002) c China, Shenyang (Blot et al 1990) a, c Czech Rep. (Tomášek et al 2001) b England, southwest (Darby et al 1998) b Finland I (Auvinen et al 1996) a, b Finland II (Ruosteenoja 1991) a Finland III (Ruosteenoja et al 1996) b France (Baysson et al 2004) b Germany (Wichmann et al 2005) b Germany, Saxony (Conrady and Martin 1996) cited in (Becker 2003 (Schoenberg et al 1990) a U.S., Worcester (Thompson et al 2008) a Paper is also a part of 8 pooled studies, which were analyzed by Lubin and Boice (1997) and UNSCEAR (2000). b Paper is also a part of 13 pooled European studies, which were analyzed by Darby et al (2004) and UNSCEAR (2006).…”

Section: The Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pooled Bayesian Analysis of Twenty-Eight Studies on Radon Induced Lung Cancers

Fornalski

Dobrzyński²

2011

Health Physics

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The influence of ionizing radiation of (222)Rn and its progeny on lung cancer risks that were published in 28 papers was re-analyzed using seven alternative dose-response models. The risks of incidence and mortality were studied in two ranges of low annual radiation dose: 0-70 mSv per year (391 Bq m(-3)) and 0-150 mSv per year (838 Bq m(-3)). Assumption-free Bayesian statistical methods were used. The analytical results demonstrate that the published incidence and mortality data do not show that radiation dose is associated with increased risk in this range of doses. This conclusion is based on the observation that the model assuming no dependence of the lung cancer induction on the radiation doses is at least ∼90 times more likely to be true than the other models tested, including the linear no-threshold (LNT) model.

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“…The excess risk of lung cancer associated with occupational exposure to radon and progeny was established decades ago (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 1988) and during the last two decades, more than twenty individual casecontrol studies have investigated whether lung cancer risk is associated with residential radon. Most of these reported positive associations but only three were significant (Pershagen et al, 1994;Tomasek et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2002). Challenges in these studies included potential for recall bias regarding important confounders such as smoking, exposure misclassification when reconstructing past residential radon exposures using present 1-year measurements and limited statistical power (Al-Zoughool and Krewski, 2009;Lubin et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential radon and lung cancer incidence in a Danish cohort

Bräuner¹,

Andersen²,

Sørensen³

et al. 2012

Environmental Research

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High-level occupational radon exposure is an established risk factor for lung cancer. We assessed the long-term association between residential radon and lung cancer risk using a prospective Danish cohort using 57,053 persons recruited during 1993-1997. We followed each cohort member for cancer occurrence until 27 June 2006, identifying 589 lung cancer cases. We traced residential addresses from 1 January 1971 until 27 June 2006 and calculated radon at each of these addresses using information from central databases regarding geology and house construction. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lung cancer risk associated with residential radon exposure with and without adjustment for sex, smoking variables, education, socio-economic status, occupation, body mass index, air pollution and consumption of fruit and alcohol. Potential effect modification by sex, traffic-related air pollution and environmental tobacco smoke was assessed. Median estimated radon was 35.8 Bq/m(3). The adjusted IRR for lung cancer was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.69-1.56) in association with a 100 Bq/m(3) higher radon concentration and 1.67 (95% CI: 0.69-4.04) among non-smokers. We found no evidence of effect modification. We find a positive association between radon and lung cancer risk consistent with previous studies but the role of chance cannot be excluded as these associations were not statistically significant. Our results provide valuable information at the low-level radon dose range.

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Radon exposure and lung cancer risk — Czech cohort study on residential radon

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Epidemiology of environmental and occupational cancer

Epidemiology of environmental and occupational cancer

Pooled Bayesian Analysis of Twenty-Eight Studies on Radon Induced Lung Cancers

Residential radon and lung cancer incidence in a Danish cohort

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