Radon-Exposed Underground Miners and Inverse Dose-Rate (protraction Enhancement) Effects

Lubin, Jay H.; Boice, John D.; Edling, Christer; Hornung, Richard; Howe, Geoffrey R.; Kunz, E; Kusiak, Robert A.; Morrison, Howard; Radford, Edward P.; Samet, Jonathan M.; Tirmarche, M.; Woodward, Alistair; Yao, Shu Xiang

doi:10.1097/00004032-199510000-00007

Cited by 139 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The fact that the inverse exposure-rate effect can only be seen at high doses is in accordance with results from other studies. When pooling original data from 11 cohort studies, no such an effect was seen below 50 WLM (Lubin et al, 1995), and an analysis of the French cohort among miners with low exposures and low exposure rates showed no evidence for this effect either (Rogel et al, 2002). In contrast to our findings, a recent case -control study among former Wismut uranium miners where subjects experienced high exposures showed no such inverse exposure-rate effect (Brüske-Hohlfeld et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…Results from other studies indicate that the magnitude of an inverse exposure-rate effect depends on the total accumulated exposure (Lubin et al, 1995). To test for such an effect and for its possible exposure dependence, analyses were conducted for four groups of workers with different accumulated exposures, that is, all exposed workers and workers with a total accumulated exposure of less than 500 WLM, 200 WLM, and 100 WLM, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lung cancer risk among German male uranium miners: a cohort study, 1946–1998

et al. 2006

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From 1946 to 1990 extensive uranium mining was conducted in the southern parts of the former German Democratic Republic. The overall workforce included several 100 000 individuals. A cohort of 59 001 former male employees of the Wismut Company was established, forming a large retrospective uranium miners' cohort for the time period 1946 -1998. Mean duration of follow-up was 30.5 years with a total of 1 801 630 person-years. Loss to follow-up was low at 5.3%. Of the workers, 16 598 (28.1%) died during the study period. Based on 2388 lung cancer deaths, the radon-related lung cancer risk is evaluated. The excess relative risk (ERR) per working level month (WLM) was estimated as 0.21% (95% CI: 0.18 -0.24). It was dependent on time since exposure and on attained age. The highest ERR/WLM was observed 15 -24 years after exposure and in the youngest age group (o55 years of age). While a strong inverse exposure-rate effect was detected for high exposures, no significant association was detected at exposures below 100 WLM. Excess relative risk /WLM was not modified by duration of exposure. The results would indicate the need to re-estimate the effects of risk modifying factors in current risk models as duration of exposure did not modify the ERR/WLM and there was only a modest decline of ERR/WLM with increasing time since exposure.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lung cancer risk among German male uranium miners: a cohort study, 1946–1998

et al. 2006

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“…The ERRIWLM varied significantly with other factors; it decreased with attained age, time since exposure, and time after cessation of exposure but was not affected significantly by age at first exposure. Over a wide range of total cumulative exposures to radon progeny, lung cancer risk was increased as exposure rate declined, confirming the pattern reported from the Colorado Plateau study (17), and supporting the prior hypothesis of an inverse dose-rate effect (18 (Table 1). These estimates are provided in Table 1, which includes the figures for the total population and for smokers and never-smokers separately.…”

Section: Radon and Lung Cancer: An Overviewsupporting

confidence: 82%

Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: Taking Stock at the Millenium

Samet¹,

Eradze²

2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Radon is a well-established human carcinogen for which extensive data are available, extending into the range of exposures experienced by the general population. Mounting epidemiologic evidence on radon and lung cancer risk, now available from more than 20 different studies of underground miners and complementary laboratory findings, indicates that risks are linear in exposure without threshold. Radon is also a ubiquitous indoor air pollutant in homes, and risk projections imply that radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. Recommended control strategies in the United States and other countries, which include testing of most homes and mitigation of those exceeding guideline levels, have been controversial. Further research is needed, drawing on molecular and cellular approaches and continuing the follow-up of the underground miner cohorts, and scientists should work toward constructing mechanistically based models that combine epidemiologic and experimental data to yield risk estimates with enhanced certainty. Key words: lung cancer, radon, radon progeny, risk assessment. -Environ Health Perspect 1 08(suppl 4):635-641 (2000). http.//ehpnetl.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2000/suppl-4/635-64 lsamet/abstracthtml

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“…Alguns autores norte-americanos definem os protocolos de pesquisa e os bancos de dados como fontes de alta qualidade para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa científica 8,11 . Porém, não existe lógica em se possuir um grande banco sem a possibilidade de utilizá-lo devidamente, já que é impossível se manejar algo que não se pode medir 13,15 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aplicação multicêntrica informatizada da coleta de dados clínicos na apendicite aguda

Druszcz

Borsato

Pinto

et al. 2007

ABCD, arq. bras. cir. dig.

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InTRODUÇÃOO desenvolvimento humano torna-se notório quando se observa os avanços que a informática e a tecnologia proporcionam em diversas áreas, como agricultura, administração, engenharia e nas áreas ligadas à saúde da população. Aprimoramentos nos exames diagnósticos e instrumentais cirúrgicos são bons exemplos de como a medicina vem se aproveitando deste avanço tecnológico. Essencial também se faz aplicar às áreas de educação e pesquisa todo este desenvolvimento gerado pela informática.Acesso ao conhecimento é fundamental. Neste respeito, a fidedignidade dos dados consultados de forma informatizada constitui um pilar para a conseqüente fidedignidade de informações geradas. Trabalhos científicos são usualmente questionáveis, quando usam métodos subjetivos de coleta de informações, métodos , foi o procedimento terapêutico padrão para a resolução da doença, tendo sido efetuada por técnica laparotômica em 92,45% -principalmente pela incisão de MacBurney (74,55%). As cefalosporinas de segunda geração foram as drogas mais empregadas em associação ao procedimento cirúrgico, seja para profilaxia ou terapêutica das infecções. As complicações pós-operatórias estiveram presentes em 10,32% dos pacientes, correspondendo principalmente às infecções de parede abdominal (64,28%). Conclusão -O protocolo informatizado de dados clínicos das doenças do cólon, especificamente em sua parte das doenças do apêndice cecal, é viável e eficaz na manipulação de informações clínicas para produção de estudos científicos uni ou multicêntricos. DESCRITORES -Informática médica. Coleta de dados. Apendicite. estes geralmente influenciados pelo indivíduo que, por exemplo coleta os dados de um prontuário de paciente. Este fato pode interferir na confiabilidade final de todo o trabalho realizado. ABCDDV/552Estudos multicêntricos se destacam pela grande amostragem de dados e também pela diversidade de informações, em comparação a estudos realizados em determinada instituição que podem traduzir informações regionalizadas. São, portanto, mais confiáveis quando comparados a outros métodos de desenvolvimento de pesquisa. Assim, quando bem aplicados, os estudos multicêntricos são significativos e representativos. Adendo único é a necessidade de uma mesma base de dados para a coleta de informações nas diversas instituições envolvidas no estudo.Visando colaborar com a uniformização dos dados coletados, em 2002, concluiu-se o protocolo informatizado de coleta de dados das doenças do cólon, pelo programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Cirúrgica do Setor de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal do Paraná.Vários estudos já foram realizados referentes às doen-

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Radon-Exposed Underground Miners and Inverse Dose-Rate (protraction Enhancement) Effects

Cited by 139 publications

References 17 publications

Lung cancer risk among German male uranium miners: a cohort study, 1946–1998

Lung cancer risk among German male uranium miners: a cohort study, 1946–1998

Radon and Lung Cancer Risk: Taking Stock at the Millenium

Aplicação multicêntrica informatizada da coleta de dados clínicos na apendicite aguda

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