Radon concentration in drinking water and soil after the September 24, 2019, Mw 5.8 earthquake, Mirpur, Azad Jammu, and Kashmir: an evaluation for potential risk

Relationships among Indoor Radon, Earthquake Magnitude Data and Lung Cancer Risks in a Residential Building of an Apulian Town (Southern Italy)

“…Anomalous increases in radon concentrations have been determined before and after the occurrence of earthquakes [52][53][54][55][56]. The 2012 Pollino (Calabria, Italy) seismic sequence, culminating in a moment magnitude (Mw) 5.2 earthquake on 25 October 2012, was investigated by exploiting data collected during a long-term continuous radon monitoring experiment performed in the epicentral area from late 2011 to the end of 2014, this work has identified characteristic variations in radon exhalations during the preparation processes of large earthquakes [57].…”

“…Establishing only quantitative relationships between geochemical changes and geodetical or seismological changes can clarify their hidden connections. The findings of some scientific studies have suggested that changes in radon exhaled from the ground were induced by ascending flows of soil gases acting as radon carriers, degassed from mantle-derived crustal fluid upwelling due to modulation of the crustal stress regime [53]. Nevertheless, multi-station, multi-variate analyses have provided strong indications that local site effects play major roles in modulating radon signal interactions with environmental parameter variations.…”

Spatial distribution of radon contamination in hot springs water and its cancer and non-cancer risks in the Hunza-Nagar valley, Pakistan

“…Groundwater is found in its purest form in limited aquifers, as the countless human inputs have rendered it hazardous for residential and industrial use (Abbas et al 2021). Due to its presence beneath the land crust, the quality of groundwater is the most vulnerable to trace element pollution (Mallongi et al 2022) and 222 Rn contamination (Haroon and Muhammad 2022;Muhammad et al 2020). Thermal/hot springs or geysers are formed when deep groundwater travels through the geothermal gradient to the land surface via fractures and crevices along with the active fault.…”